This is a list of forts in New France built by the French government or French chartered companies in what later became Canada, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and the United States. They range from large European-type citadels like at Quebec City to tiny fur-trade posts.[1]
The French forts in Canada were located from the Atlantic Ocean to as far west as the confluence of the North and South Saskatchewan rivers, and as far north as James Bay. Built between the 1640s and the 1750s, a few were captured from rival British fur trading companies like Hudson's Bay Company. The forts were located on waterways to provide transport of fur back east to Montreal or Quebec City. A few have survived or been re-built, but most are ruins or simply disappeared after abandonment.
| Name[2] [3] | Date constructed | Location | Province | Image | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1636 | |||||
| 1750 | |||||
| 1749 | |||||
| 1751 | |||||
| Fort Bourbon (West) | 1741 | ||||
| Fort Bourbon (North) | 1697 | ||||
| 1541–1543 | |||||
| 1665 | |||||
| 1693 | |||||
| 1690–1821 | |||||
| 1741 | |||||
| 1753 | |||||
| 1685 | |||||
| 1720 | |||||
| 1730 | |||||
| 1749 | |||||
| 1725 | |||||
| 1673 | |||||
| 1751 | |||||
| 1717 | |||||
| 1669–1695 | |||||
| 1687 | |||||
| 1738 | |||||
| 1751 | Saskatchewan River Forks (near Prince Albert) | ||||
| 1719 | |||||
| 1733 | |||||
| 1751 | |||||
| 1741 | The Pas (on Cedar Lake) | ||||
| 1662 | |||||
| 1670 | |||||
| 1605 | |||||
| 1608 | |||||
| 1641 | |||||
| 1738 | |||||
| 1750 | |||||
| 1687 | |||||
| Fort Sainte Anne (Hudson Bay) | 1670 (1686) | ||||
| 1629–1641 | |||||
| 1660 | |||||
| 1686–1693 and 1697–1713 | |||||
| c1748 | |||||
| 1690–1713 | |||||
| 1620–1834 | |||||
| 1623–1930 | |||||
| 1670s (1686) | |||||
| 1731 | Fort Frances (near mouth of the Rainy River meets with Rainy Lake) | ||||
| 1665 | |||||
| 1671 | |||||
| 1679 | |||||
| Tadoussac Trading Post | 1600 | ||||
| 1750 | |||||
| 1642–1688 | |||||
| 1720 |
The French forts built in what is now the United States, were part of a series of forts built from the Great Lakes to the Mississippi delta; as far west as Kansas, as far east as Maine.
| Name | Date constructed c. | Location | State | Image | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1686 | |||||
| 1717 | |||||
| 1739 | |||||
| Fort de la Balise | 1722 | Plaquemines Parish | |||
| 1727 | |||||
| Fort De La Boulaye(Fort Bayougoula, Fort Iberville, Fort Louisiana) | 1700 | Phoenix, Plaquemines Parish | |||
| 1683 | |||||
| 1754–57 | |||||
| 1564 | |||||
| 1744 | |||||
| 1562 | |||||
| 1720 | |||||
| 1723 | |||||
| 1679 | |||||
| 1680 | |||||
| 1687 | |||||
| 1701 | |||||
| Fort Détour à l'Anglais | 1722 | Belle Chase | |||
| 1750 | |||||
| 1754 | |||||
| Fort Dubreuil(Côte des Allemands) | 1740 | Destrehan | |||
| Fort St. Jean | 1708 | New Orleans | |||
| 1759 | |||||
| 1671 | |||||
| 1753 | |||||
| 1759 | |||||
| 1702 | |||||
| 1754 | |||||
| 1757 | |||||
| 1699 | |||||
| 1715 | |||||
| 1679 | |||||
| 1715 | |||||
| 1714 | |||||
| 1678 | |||||
| 1723 | |||||
| 1717 | |||||
| 1638 | |||||
| Fort St. Philip | 1761 | Buras-Triumph | |||
| 1691 | |||||
| 1753 | |||||
| 1682 | |||||
| 1716 | |||||
| 1666 | |||||
| 1732 | |||||
| 1729–1757 | |||||
| 1691 | |||||
| Fort St. Leon | 1749 | Belle Chase | |||
| Fort Saint Louis | 1685 | ||||
| 1682 | |||||
| Fort St. Marie | 1746 | English Turn | |||
| 1745 | |||||
| 1735–37 | |||||
| 1717 | |||||
| 1731–32 |