List of British Columbia by-elections explained

The list of British Columbia by-elections includes every by-election held in the Canadian province of British Columbia. By-elections occur whenever there is a vacancy in the Legislative Assembly, although an imminent general election may allow the vacancy to remain until the dissolution of parliament. The most recent by-election took place on January 30, 2019, in the provincial electoral district of Nanaimo.

Causes

A by-election occurs whenever there is a vacancy in the Legislative Assembly. Vacancies can occur for the following reasons:

• Death of a member.^[1] The last time a sitting MLA died was Fred Gingell in 1999.^[2] In addition, elected MLA's sometimes die before taking their seats. The last time this happened was in 1924 when John McKie died before the first session.^[3]
• Resignation of a member.^[1]
• Recall of a member.^[1] This has never happened. However, former MLA Paul Reitsma was unofficially recalled because he resigned just as a recall attempt nearly succeeded.^[4]
• Voided results. The last time a by-election took place for this reason was in 1904. The most recent any election has come close to being voided was in 1963.^[5]
• Expulsion from the legislature.^[1]
• Ineligibility to sit.^[1]
• Winning in more than one district during a general election. The last time that happened was in 1921. It has been forbidden to run in multiple districts since 1940.^[6]
• A riding being established during a parliament. The only time a by-election took place because of this was in early 1934, in Columbia.^[7]
• Ministerial by-election, until the 1930s an MLA's seat was declared vacant and the occupant was required to re-offer upon being appointed to Cabinet. Such by-elections often resulted in the incumbent being acclaimed.

When there is a vacancy, a by-election must be called within six months of the Chief Electoral Officer learning of it. The only exception is when a member has been recalled. In that case, a by-election must be held with 90 days.^[1]

42nd Parliament 2020–2024

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Langford-Juan de Fuca	June 24, 2023	John Horgan			NDP	Ravi Parmar			NDP	Resigned for medical reasons	Yes
Vancouver-Mount Pleasant	June 24, 2023	Melanie Mark			NDP	Joan Phillip			NDP	Resigned for personal reasons	Yes
Surrey South	September 10, 2022	Stephanie Cadieux			Liberal	Elenore Sturko			Liberal	Resigned to become Canada's first chief accessibility officer	Yes
Vancouver-Quilchena	April 30, 2022	Andrew Wilkinson			Liberal	Kevin Falcon			Liberal	Resigned to allow newly elected BC Liberal Party leader Kevin Falcon to run in a by-election	Yes

41st Parliament 2017–2020

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Nanaimo	January 30, 2019	Leonard Krog			New Democratic	Sheila Malcolmson			New Democratic	Resigned after being elected mayor of Nanaimo	Yes
Kelowna West	February 14, 2018	Christy Clark			Liberal	Ben Stewart			Liberal	Resigned to return to private life following the defeat of her government	Yes

40th Parliament 2013–2017

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Coquitlam-Burke Mountain	February 2, 2016	Douglas Horne			Liberal	Jodie Wickens			New Democratic	Resigned to run federally	No
Vancouver-Mount Pleasant	February 2, 2016	Jenny Kwan			New Democratic	Melanie Mark			New Democratic	Resigned to run federally	Yes
Westside-Kelowna	July 10, 2013	Ben Stewart			Liberal					Resigned to create vacancy for Premier Christy Clark	Yes

39th Parliament 2009–2013

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Port Moody-Coquitlam	April 19, 2012	Iain Black			Liberal	Joe Trasolini			New Democratic	Resigned to become president and CEO of the Vancouver Board of Trade	No
Chilliwack-Hope	April 19, 2012	Barry Penner			Liberal	Gwen O'Mahony			New Democratic	Resigned to return to the private sector	No
Vancouver-Point Grey	May 11, 2011	Gordon Campbell			Liberal	Christy Clark			Liberal	Resigned to create vacancy for new premier Christy Clark	Yes

38th Parliament 2005–2009

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Vancouver-Burrard	October 29, 2008	Lorne Mayencourt			Liberal	Spencer Herbert			New Democratic	Resigned to run federally in Vancouver Centre	No
Vancouver-Fairview	October 29, 2008	Gregor Robertson			New Democratic	Jenn McGinn			New Democratic	Resigned to become Mayor of Vancouver	Yes

36th Parliament 1996–2001

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Delta South	December 7, 1999	Fred Gingell			Liberals	Val Roddick			Liberals	Death	Yes
Parksville-Qualicum	December 14, 1998	Paul Reitsma			Independent	Judith Reid			Liberals	Resignation	No
Surrey-White Rock	September 15, 1997	Wilf Hurd			Liberals	Gordon Hogg			Liberals	Resignation	Yes

* Reitsma is a former Liberal.^[8]

35th Parliament 1991–1996

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Abbotsford	May 3, 1995	Harry de Jong			Social Credit	John van Dongen			Liberals	Resignation	No
Vancouver-Quilchena	February 17, 1994	Art Cowie			Liberals	Gordon Campbell			Liberals	Resignation	Yes
Matsqui	February 17, 1994	Peter Albert Dueck			Independent	Mike de Jong			Liberals	Resignation	No

* Dueck is a former Socred.^[9]

34th Parliament 1986–1991

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Oak Bay-Gordon Head	December 13, 1989	Brian Smith			Social Credit	Elizabeth Cull			New Democratic	Resignation	No
Cariboo	September 20, 1989	Alex Fraser			Social Credit	David Zirnhelt			New Democratic	Death	No
Nanaimo	March 15, 1989	Dave Stupich			New Democratic	Jan Pullinger			New Democratic	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver-Point Grey	March 15, 1989	Kim Campbell			Social Credit	Tom Perry			New Democratic	Resignation	No
Alberni	November 19, 1988	Robert Skelly			New Democratic	Gerard Janssen			New Democratic	Resignation	Yes
Boundary-Similkameen	June 8, 1988	James Hewitt			Social Credit	Bill Barlee			New Democratic	Resignation	No

33rd Parliament 1983–1986

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Okanagan North	November 8, 1984	Donald Campbell			Social Credit	Lyle MacWilliam			New Democratic	Death	No
Vancouver East	November 8, 1984	Dave Barrett			New Democratic	Robert Williams			New Democratic	Resignation	Yes

32nd Parliament 1979–1983

The Kamloops by-election was the most recent by-election won by the governing party until 2011. During these 30 years the governing parties lost seventeen consecutive by-elections.

31st Parliament 1975–1979

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Oak Bay	March 20, 1978	George Wallace			Progressive Conservative	Victor Stephens			Progressive Conservative	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver East	June 3, 1976	Robert Williams			New Democratic	Dave Barrett			New Democratic	Resignation	Yes

30th Parliament 1972–1975

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
North Vancouver-Capilano	February 5, 1974	David Brousson			Liberal	Gordon Gibson Jr.			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
South Okanagan	September 7, 1973	W.A.C. Bennett			Social Credit	Bill Bennett			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes

29th Parliament 1969–1972

There were no by-elections.

28th Parliament 1966–1969

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Burnaby-Willingdon	January 13, 1969	Fred Vulliamy			New Democratic	James Lorimer			New Democratic	Death	Yes
Revelstoke-Slocan	July 15, 1968	Randolph Harding			New Democratic	William King			New Democratic	Resignation	Yes
Oak Bay	July 15, 1968	Alan MacFarlane			Liberal	Allan Cox			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
North Vancouver-Capilano	July 15, 1968	Raymond Perrault			Liberal	David Brousson			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver South	May 21, 1968	Thomas Bate			Social Credit	Norman Levi			New Democratic	Death	No
Cariboo	November 28, 1966	William Speare			Social Credit	Robert Bonner			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes

27th Parliament 1963–1966

There were no by-elections.

26th Parliament 1960–1963

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Columbia	July 15, 1963	Richard Newton			Social Credit	Frank Greenwood			Social Credit	Death	Yes
Vancouver-Point Grey	December 17, 1962	Buda Brown			Social Credit	Patrick McGeer			Liberal	Death	No
Revelstoke	September 4, 1962	George Hobbs			CCF	Margaret Hobbs			CCF-NDP	Death	Yes

25th Parliament 1956–1960

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Rossland-Trail	December 15, 1958	Robert Sommers			Social Credit	Donald Brothers			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes
Delta	September 9, 1957	Thomas Irwin			Social Credit	Gordon L. Gibson			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes
Cariboo	September 9, 1957	Ralph Chetwynd			Social Credit	William Speare			Social Credit	Death	Yes
Burnaby	September 9, 1957	Ernest Winch			CCF	Cedric Cox			CCF	Death	Yes

24th Parliament 1953–1956

Douglas Jung of the Progressive Conservative Party runs in the Vancouver Centre by-election, the first time any Chinese Canadian had run for a seat in a Canadian legislature.^[10]

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Vancouver Centre	January 9, 1956	George Moxham			Social Credit	Leslie Peterson			Social Credit	Death	Yes
Lillooet	September 12, 1955	Gordon Gibson Sr.			Liberal	Donald Robinson			Social Credit	Resignation	No
Victoria City	November 24, 1953	Walter Wright			Social Credit	George Gregory			Liberal	Resignation	No

23rd Parliament 1952–1953

These by-elections are held under the alternative vote system, the only two times (as of March 2008) by-elections had been held using that voting system.^[11] After the next general election, the voting system would revert to first past the post in time for the next by-election.^[10]

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Similkameen	November 24, 1952	Henry Francis			Social Credit	Einar Gunderson			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes
Columbia	November 24, 1952	Richard Newton			Social Credit	Robert Bonner			Social Credit	Resignation	Yes

21st Parliament 1945–1949

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
South Okanagan	November 29, 1948	W.A.C. Bennett			Coalition	Robert Browne-Clayton			Coalition	Resignation	Yes
Rossland-Trail	November 29, 1948	James Webster			Coalition	James Quinn			CCF	Death	No
Saanich	February 23, 1948	Norman Whittaker			Coalition	Arthur Ash			Coalition	Resignation	Yes
Cariboo	February 23, 1948	Louis LeBourdais			Coalition	Walter Hogg			Coalition	Death	Yes
Vancouver-Point Grey	June 24, 1946	James Paton			Coalition	Albert MacDougall			Coalition	Death	Yes
		Royal Maitland			Coalition	Leigh Stevenson			Coalition	Death	Yes
North Okanagan	December 19, 1945	Kenneth MacDonald			Coalition	Charles Morrow			Coalition	Death	Yes

20th Parliament 1941–1945

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
New Westminster	May 10, 1945	Arthur Gray			Coalition	Byron Ingemar Johnson			Coalition	Death	Yes
Revelstoke	June 14, 1943	Harry Johnston			Coalition	Vincent Segur			CCF	Death	No
Salmon Arm	November 25, 1942	Rolf Bruhn			Coalition	George Stirling			CCF	Death	No

19th Parliament 1937–1941

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Mackenzie	September 21, 1940	John Bryan, Sr.			Liberal	Manfred McGeer			Liberal	Death	Yes
Cranbrook	October 26, 1939	Frank MacPherson			Liberal	Arnold McGrath			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver Centre	May 1, 1939	Fred Crone			Liberal	Laura Jamieson			CCF	Death	No
Dewdney	May 20, 1938	Frank Patterson			Conservative	David Strachan			Liberal	Death	No

18th Parliament 1933–1937

The Columbia by-election is notable for two reasons. First, it is the only one (as of March 2008) held due to a district being created during a parliament;^[7] Second, it is the last time (as of March 2008) a candidate won through acclamation.^[12]

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Vancouver-Burrard	September 2, 1936	Gerry McGeer			Liberal	John Forester			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Omineca	June 22, 1936	Alexander Malcolm Manson			Liberal	Mark Connelly			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
North Vancouver	July 14, 1934	Harley Anderson			CCF	Dorothy Steeves			CCF	Death	Yes
Columbia	March 20, 1934†	n/a	n/a	n/a	Thomas King			Liberal	District created	n/a

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[7]

17th Parliament 1928–1933

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Columbia	December 19, 1931	John Buckham			Liberal	Thomas King			Liberal	Death	Yes
The Islands	February 21, 1931†	Cyrus Wesley Peck			Conservative	MacGregor Macintosh			Conservative	Resignation	Yes
Fort George	January 7, 1931	Frederick Burden			Conservative	Roy Alward			Conservative	Resignation	Yes
North Vancouver	November 5, 1930	Ian Alistair MacKenzie			Liberal	Jack Loutet			Conservative	Resignation	No
North Okanagan	July 2, 1930†	William Farris Kennedy			Conservative	George Heggie			Conservative	Resignation	Yes
Chilliwack	October 22, 1928†	William Atkinson			Conservative	William Atkinson			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Dewdney	October 22, 1928†	Nelson Lougheed			Conservative	Nelson Lougheed			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Esquimalt	October 22, 1928†	Robert Pooley			Conservative	Robert Pooley			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Fort George	October 22, 1928†	Frederick Burden			Conservative	Frederick Burden			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Richmond-Point Grey	October 22, 1928†	Samuel Howe			Conservative	Samuel Howe			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Saanich	October 22, 1928†	Simon Fraser Tolmie			Conservative	Simon Fraser Tolmie			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Similkameen	October 22, 1928†	William McKenzie			Conservative	William McKenzie			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Vancouver City	October 22, 1928†	William Shelly			Conservative	William Shelly			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	October 22, 1928†	Joshua Hinchcliffe			Conservative	Joshua Hinchcliffe			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[13]

16th Parliament 1924–1928

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Nelson	October 17, 1927	John Oliver			Liberal	James McDonald			Liberal	Death	Yes
New Westminster	September 12, 1927	Edwin Rothwell			Liberal	Arthur Gray			Liberal	Death	Yes
North Okanagan	June 9, 1927	Arthur Cochrane			Conservative	William Farris Kennedy			Conservative	Death	Yes
Grand Forks-Greenwood	April 25, 1925	John McKie			Conservative	Dougald McPherson			Liberal	Death	No
North Okanagan	September 24, 1924	Kenneth MacDonald			Liberal	Arthur Cochrane			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	No
Nelson	August 23, 1924	Kenneth Campbell			Liberal	John Oliver			Liberal	Resignation	Yes

15th Parliament 1920–1924

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Cranbrook	August 15, 1922	James Horace King			Liberal	Noel Wallinger			Conservative	Resignation	No
Omineca	April 10, 1922†	Alexander Malcolm Manson			Liberal	Alexander Malcolm Manson			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nelson	March 22, 1922	William Rose			Conservative	Kenneth Campbell			Liberal	Resignation	No
Revelstoke	February 27, 1922	William Sutherland			Liberal	William Sutherland			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Delta	February 3, 1921	John Oliver			Liberal	Alexander Paterson			Liberal	Won more than one district	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[14]

14th Parliament 1916–1920

The Vancouver City by-election was won by Mary Ellen Smith. She is the first woman to run and be elected in a provincial-level election, which was also the first one where women could vote.

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Alberni	January 29, 1919†	Richard Wallis			Conservative	Richard Burde			Independent Soldier	Death	No
Cowichan	January 25, 1919	William Hayward			Conservative	Kenneth Duncan			Unionist	Resignation	No
Victoria City	June 28, 1918	Harlan Carey Brewster			Liberal	Francis Giolma			Soldier	Death	No
Chilliwack	May 10, 1918	Edward Dodsley Barrow			Liberal	Edward Dodsley Barrow			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Vancouver City	January 24, 1918	Ralph Smith			Liberal	Mary Ellen Smith			Independent~	Death	Yes
Alberni	January 24, 1918	Harlan Carey Brewster			Liberal	Richard Wallis			Conservative	Won more than one district	No
Newcastle	January 24, 1918	Parker Williams			Independent Socialist	James Hawthornthwaite			Independent Socialist/Labour*	Resignation	Yes
Similkameen	January 24, 1918	Lytton Shatford			Conservative	William McKenzie			Conservative	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver City	June 23, 1917†	John Farris			Liberal	John Farris			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	June 22, 1917	John Hart			Liberal	John Hart			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Cranbrook	January 3, 1917†	James King			Liberal	James King			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Dewdney	January 3, 1917†	John Oliver			Liberal	John Oliver			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Greenwood	January 3, 1917†	John MacLean			Liberal	John MacLean			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nanaimo	January 3, 1917†	William Sloan			Liberal	William Sloan			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	January 3, 1917†	Harlan Carey Brewster			Liberal	Harlan Carey Brewster			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Prince Rupert	January 13, 1917†	Thomas Dufferin Pattullo			Liberal	Thomas Dufferin Pattullo			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Vancouver City	December 21, 1916	Ralph Smith			Liberal	Ralph Smith			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes
		Malcolm MacDonald			Liberal	Malcolm MacDonald			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[15]

~ 'Independent people's candidate', also endorsed by the Liberal Party.^[15]

* Endorsed by the United Mineworkers of America and "organized labour generally".^[15]

13th Parliament 1912–1916

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Victoria City	March 4, 1916	Richard McBride			Conservative	Harlan Carey Brewster			Liberal	Resignation	No
Vancouver City	February 26, 1916	Charles Edward Tisdall			Conservative	Malcolm MacDonald			Liberal	Joined Executive Council	No
Rossland City	February 26, 1916	Lorne Argyle Campbell			Conservative	Lorne Argyle Campbell			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
The Islands	December 6, 1913	Albert Edward McPhillips			Conservative	William Foster			Conservative	Resignation	Yes

12th Parliament 1909–1912

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Yale	December 24, 1910†	Richard McBride			Conservative	Alexander Lucas			Conservative	Won more than one district	Yes
Fernie	October 22, 1910	William Ross			Conservative	William Ross			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[16]

11th Parliament 1907–1909

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Revelstoke	January 16, 1909	Thomas Taylor			Conservative	Thomas Taylor			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nanaimo City	January 12, 1909	James Hawthornthwaite			Socialist	James Hawthornthwaite			Socialist	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver City	August 3, 1907	William John Bowser			Conservative	William John Bowser			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Dewdney	April 17, 1907†	Richard McBride			Conservative	William J. Manson			Conservative	Won More Than One District	Yes
Atlin	April 5, 1907†	Henry Young			Conservative	Henry Young			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[17]

10th Parliament 1903–1907

The August 16 by-election in the district of Lillooet is the last time a by-election had been held due to a voided result, as of March 2008. The November 18, 1903 by-election in Vancouver City is the first by-election held since political parties were introduced to the province.^[12]

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Alberni	July 22, 1905	William McInnes			Liberal	William Manson			Conservative	Resignation	No
Lillooet	August 16, 1904	Archibald McDonald			Conservative	Archibald McDonald			Conservative	Voided result	Yes
Kamloops	June 30, 1904†	Frederick John Fulton			Conservative	Frederick John Fulton			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Vancouver City	November 18, 1903	Charles Wilson			Conservative	Charles Wilson			Conservative	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[18]

9th Parliament 1900–1903

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
South Victoria	July 4, 1900†	David Eberts			No Parties	David Eberts			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	July 4, 1900†	John Turner			No Parties	John Turner			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
East Kootenay North	July 17, 1900†	Wilmer Wells			No Parties	Wilmer Wells			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Lillooet East	July 17, 1900†	James Prentice			No Parties	James Prentice			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
South Nanaimo	July 17, 1900†	James Dunsmuir			No Parties	James Dunsmuir			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Westminster-Dewdney	July 17, 1900†	Richard McBride			No Parties	Richard McBride			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nanaimo City	February 20, 1901†	Ralph Smith			No Parties	James Hawthornthwaite			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Vancouver City	February 19, 1901	James Garden			No Parties	James Garden			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
New Westminster City	September 18, 1901	John Brown			No Parties	Thomas Gifford			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	No
Victoria City	March 10, 1902	John Turner			No Parties	Edward Gawler Prior			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
North Nanaimo	December 15, 1902	William McInnes			No Parties	William McInnes			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
North Victoria	December 23, 1902	John Booth			No Parties	Thomas Paterson			No Parties	Death	n/a
Yale-West	February 26, 1903	Dennis Murphy			No Parties	Charles Augustus Semlin			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	No

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[19]

8th Parliament 1898–1900

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Vancouver City	October 15, 1898†	Francis Lovett Carter-Cotton			No Parties	Francis Lovett Carter-Cotton			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
		Joseph Martin			No Parties	Joseph Martin			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Yale-West	October 15, 1898†	Charles Augustus Semlin			No Parties	Charles Augustus Semlin			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
West Kootenay-Nelson	October 15, 1898†	John Hume			No Parties	John Hume			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Alberni	December 15, 1898	Alan Neill			No Parties	Alan Neill			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
Cowichan	December 28, 1898	William Robertson			No Parties	William Robertson			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
Vancouver City	January 25, 1899†	Charles Edward Tisdall			No Parties	Charles Edward Tisdall			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
Victoria City	February 2, 1899	Richard Hall			No Parties	Richard Hall			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
		John Turner			No Parties	John Turner			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
		Albert McPhillips			No Parties	Albert McPhillips			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
West Kootenay-Nelson	February 14, 1899	John Hume			No Parties	John Hume			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
East Kootenay North	February 28, 1899†	William Neilson			No Parties	Wilmer Wells			No Parties	Death	n/a
New Westminster City	August 31, 1899†	Alexander Henderson			No Parties	Alexander Henderson			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[20]

7th Parliament 1894–1898

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Yale-North	November 14, 1894†	George Martin			No Parties	George Martin			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
South Victoria	April 15, 1895†	David Eberts			No Parties	David Eberts			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Cowichan-Alberni	April 18, 1895	Theodore Davie			No Parties	Thomas Wood			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Lillooet East	June 1, 1895	n/a			No Parties	David Stoddart			No Parties	Voided result	n/a
Cowichan-Alberni	October 5, 1895	n/a			No Parties	George Huff			No Parties	Voided result	n/a
Westminster-Chilliwhack	May 7, 1897	Thomas Kitchen			No Parties	Adam Vedder			No Parties	Death	n/a

* Result was voided.^[21]

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[21]

6th Parliament 1890–1894

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Westminster	November 7, 1890	John Robson			No Parties	Colin Sword			No Parties	Won more than one district	n/a
Cariboo	January 14, 1891	Joseph Mason			No Parties	Ithiel Nason			No Parties	Death	n/a
East Kootenay	July 30, 1892†	James Baker			No Parties	James Baker			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Cariboo	August 24, 1892	John Robson			No Parties	Hugh Watt			No Parties	Death	n/a
Cariboo	October 4, 1893	Ithiel Nason			No Parties	William Adams			No Parties	Death	n/a

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[22]

5th Parliament 1886–1890

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
New Westminster City	November 25, 1889	William Bole			No Parties	Thomas Cunningham			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Lillooet	September 21, 1889	A.E.B. Davie			No Parties	Alfred Smith			No Parties	Death	n/a
Victoria City	August 21, 1889	Theodore Davie			No Parties	Theodore Davie			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nanaimo	June 29, 1889†	Robert Dunsmuir			No Parties	Andrew Haslam			No Parties	Death	n/a
Cariboo	November 26, 1888	Robert McLeese			No Parties	Ithiel Nason			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Victoria	June 30, 1888	Robert John			No Parties	James Tolmie			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Victoria City	January 25, 1888	Edward Gawler Prior			No Parties	Simeon Duck			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Comox	December 30, 1887	Anthony Stenhouse			No Parties	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Victoria City	August 20, 1887	John Turner			No Parties	John Turner			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Cowichan	May 5, 1887	William Smithe			No Parties	Henry Fry			No Parties	Death	n/a
Yale	April 28, 1887	Forbes Vernon			No Parties	Forbes Vernon			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Nanaimo	January 3, 1887	William Raybould			No Parties	George Thomson			No Parties	Death	n/a

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[23]

4th Parliament 1882–1886

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Victoria City	April 15, 1885	Simeon Duck			No Parties	Simeon Duck			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
New Westminster City	April 21, 1884	William Armstrong			No Parties	James Cunningham			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Lillooet	March 31, 1883†	A.E.B. Davie			No Parties	A.E.B. Davie			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Cowichan	March 31, 1883†	William Smithe			No Parties	William Smithe			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
New Westminster	March 31, 1883†	John Robson			No Parties	John Robson			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Yale	October 13, 1882	Preston Bennett			No Parties	George Martin			No Parties	Death	n/a
New Westminster City	September 4, 1882	William Armstrong			No Parties	William Armstrong			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[24]

3rd Parliament 1878–1882

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
New Westminster City	December 20, 1881†	Ebenezer Brown			No Parties	William Armstrong			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Cariboo	October 29, 1879	John Evans			No Parties	George Ferguson			No Parties	Death	n/a
Cariboo	August 3, 1878†	George Anthony Walkem			No Parties	George Anthony Walkem			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	July 10, 1878†	Robert Beaven			No Parties	Robert Beaven			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria	July 10, 1878†	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[25]

2nd Parliament 1875–1878

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Kootenay	December 20, 1877	William Milby			No Parties	Robert Galbraith			No Parties	Death	n/a
Cariboo	June 20, 1877	A.E.B. Davie			No Parties	George Cowan			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	No
Nanaimo	January 19, 1877	John Bryden			No Parties	David William Gordon			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Kootenay	August 24, 1876	Arthur Vowell			No Parties	William Milby			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Cowichan	August 14, 1876†	William Smithe			No Parties	William Smithe			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Yale	March 11, 1876	Forbes Vernon			No Parties	Forbes Vernon			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	February 21, 1876	Andrew Elliott			No Parties	Andrew Elliott			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria	February 15, 1876†	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[26]

1st Parliament 1871–1875

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Lillooet	November 17, 1874	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Thomas Humphreys			No Parties	Resignation	Yes
		William Saul			No Parties	William Brown			No Parties	Resignation	No
Victoria	February 26, 1874	Arthur Bunster			No Parties	William Robertson			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
		Amor de Cosmos			No Parties	William Fraser Tolmie			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
New Westminster	March 21, 1873†	William Armstrong			No Parties	William Armstrong			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Comox	January 11, 1873†	John Ash			No Parties	John Ash			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Victoria City	January 6, 1873†	Robert Beaven			No Parties	Robert Beaven			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Lillooet	December 21, 1872	Andrew Jamieson			No Parties	William Saul			No Parties	Death	n/a
Cariboo	June 22, 1872	Cornelius Booth			No Parties	John Barnston			No Parties	Resignation	n/a
Cariboo	February 12, 1872†	George Anthony Walkem			No Parties	George Anthony Walkem			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
New Westminster City	November 27, 1871†	Henry Holbrook			No Parties	Henry Holbrook			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes
Esquimalt	November 27, 1871†	Alexander Robertson			No Parties	Alexander Robertson			No Parties	Joined Executive Council	Yes

† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.^[27]

See also

• List of federal by-elections in Canada

External links

• Elections BC
• Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

Notes and References

1. Web site: Constitution Act. 2008-02-02.
2. Web site: Delta South By-election – December 7, 1999 – Statement of Votes . PDF . 2008-02-02 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20071009023636/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/bydls/dls_sov99.pdf . 2007-10-09 . dead .
3. Web site: Elected Candidates Who Did Not Take Their Seats in the Legislature . 2008-02-02 . . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070816133201/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/part4-4.html . 2007-08-16 . dead .
4. Web site: Reitsma resigns. https://archive.today/20130120204136/http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/1998/06/23/reitsma980623a.html. live. January 20, 2013. 1998-11-13. CBC News. 2008-02-02.
5. Web site: Voided and Controverted Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20010216105610/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/part4-2.html . dead . 2001-02-16 . . 2008-04-07 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 .
6. Web site: Purpose. PDF. Discover Your Legislature Series. 6. Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. 2008-02-02. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20071018093556/http://www.leg.bc.ca/_media/flash/Purpose.pdf. 2007-10-18.
7. Web site: By-Elections 18th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010217040609/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/18ge1933-4.html . dead . 2001-02-17 . . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . 2008-02-13 .
8. Web site: Electoral History of British Bolumbia – Supplement, 1987–2001 . PDF . 57 . . 2008-02-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071009023853/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/electhistvol2.pdf . 2007-10-09 . dead .
9. Web site: Electoral History of British Bolumbia – Supplement, 1987–2001 . PDF . 54 . . 2008-02-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071009023853/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/electhistvol2.pdf . 2007-10-09 . dead .
10. Web site: By-Elections 24th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20030921101423/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/24ge1953-9.html . dead . 2003-09-21 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-01-07 .
11. Web site: By-Elections 23rd Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010216223915/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/23ge1952-6.html . dead . 2001-02-16 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-02-01 .
12. Web site: Electoral Highlights . 2008-02-13 . . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070816081215/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/part4-5.html . 2007-08-16 . dead .
13. Web site: By-Elections 17th Parliament . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-02-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070901011523/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/17ge1928-3.html . 2007-09-01 . dead .
14. Web site: By-Elections 15th Parliament . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-02-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070826160919/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/15ge1920-4.html . 2007-08-26 . dead .
15. Web site: By-Elections 14th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010217040924/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/14ge1916-3.html . dead . 2001-02-17 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-06 .
16. Web site: By-Elections 12th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010309204355/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/12ge1909-3.html . dead . 2001-03-09 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-21 .
17. Web site: By-Elections 11th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301044126/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/11ge1907-3.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-23 .
18. Web site: By-Elections 10th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010217041051/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/10ge1903-3.html . dead . 2001-02-17 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-25 .
19. Web site: By-Elections 9th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301045242/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/9ge1900-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-29 .
20. Web site: By-Elections 8th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010714235248/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/8ge1898-2.html . dead . 2001-07-14 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-29 .
21. Web site: By-Elections 7th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301045233/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/7ge1894-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-29 .
22. Web site: By-Elections 6th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301045128/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/6ge1890-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-04-01 .
23. Web site: By-Elections 5th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301045256/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/5ge1886-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-29 .
24. Web site: By-Elections 4th Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301045203/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/4ge1882-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-04-02 .
25. Web site: By-Elections 3rd Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010124122500/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/3ge1878-2.html . dead . 2001-01-24 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-04-02 .
26. Web site: By-Elections 2nd Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010124122100/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/2ge1875-2.html . dead . 2001-01-24 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-04-02 .
27. Web site: By-Elections 1st Parliament . https://web.archive.org/web/20010301043936/http://elections.bc.ca/elections/electoral_history/1ge1871-2.html . dead . 2001-03-01 . Electoral History of British Columbia 1871–1986 . . 2008-03-29 .