Laccaria Explained

Laccaria is a genus around 75 species of fungus found in both temperate and tropical regions of the world.^{[1] [2]} They are mycorrhizal. The type species is Laccaria laccata, commonly known as the deceiver. Other notable species include L. bicolor, and the amethyst deceiver (L. amethystina), sometimes incorrectly written as L. amethystea. Because some Laccaria species have the ability to grow vegetatively and/or germinate from basidiospores in culture, they are often used as experimental systems for studies of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes.^[3] They have a tetrapolar mating system, meaning that there the mating type is controlled by 2 loci. Recently, the genome of L. bicolor has been sequenced.^[4]

Description

Laccaria typically have thick, widely spaced, purple to flesh-colored gills that are adnate to slightly decurrent in attachment. The spores are white and ornamented in most species.^[5]

Species

The following is an list of Laccaria species reported in the literature:

Image	Name	Year	Distribution
	Laccaria acanthospora	2013
	Laccaria alba	2004
	Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis	1984	western North America
	Laccaria amethystina	1884	Euroe, Asia, Central and South America, eastern North America
	Laccaria angustilamella	2004
	Laccaria araneosa	2018
	Laccaria aurantia	2014	China
	Laccaria avachaensis	1993
	Laccaria bella	1884
	Laccaria bicolor	1960	North America
	Laccaria bisporigera	1993
	Laccaria bullipellis	2013
	Laccaria bullulifera	1965
	Laccaria caerulacea	1991
	Laccaria calosperma	1933
	Laccaria calospora	1973
	Laccaria canaliculata	1899
	Laccaria chibinensis	1974	Russia
	Laccaria cyanolamellata	2006
	Laccaria echinospora	1943
	Laccaria edulis	1946
	Laccaria fengkaiensis	2020
	Laccaria fibrillosa	1972
	Laccaria flavobrunnea	1949
	Laccaria fraterna	1965
	Laccaria fulvogrisea	2014	China
	Laccaria galerinoides	1965
	Laccaria gibba	1994
	Laccaria glabripes	1972
	Laccaria globosa	2005
	Laccaria gomezii	1988
	Laccaria goossensiae	2003
	Laccaria griseolilacina	2020
	Laccaria halosperma	1933
	Laccaria himalayensis	2013
	Laccaria indohimalayana	2019
	Laccaria japonica	2017	Japan
	Laccaria laccata	1884
	Laccaria lateritia	1966
	Laccaria lilacina	1964
	Laccaria longipes	1991
	Laccaria lutea	1989
	Laccaria macrobasidia	2020
	Laccaria macrocystidiata	1994
	Laccaria maritima	1987
	Laccaria masoniae	1964
	Laccaria montana	1973
	Laccaria moshuijun	2017	China
	Laccaria murina	1938
	Laccaria negrimarginata	2013
	Laccaria nigra	1959
	Laccaria nobilis	1984
	Laccaria oblongospora	1984
	Laccaria ochropurpurea	1897
	Laccaria ochrosquamulosa	1994
	Laccaria ohiensis	1947
	Laccaria olivaceogrisea	1987
	Laccaria paraphysata	2014
	Laccaria parva	2018
	Laccaria prava	2020
	Laccaria proxima	1887
	Laccaria proximella	1965
	Laccaria pruinosipes	1994
	Laccaria pseudomontana	2006
	Laccaria pumila	1893
	Laccaria purpureobadia	1966
	Laccaria roseoalbescens	2015
	Laccaria rubroalba	2016
	Laccaria salmonicolor	2013
	Laccaria singeri	1983
	Laccaria spodophora	1884
	Laccaria squarrosa	2017
	Laccaria stellata	2016
	Laccaria striatula	1912
	Laccaria tetraspora	1947
	Laccaria torosa	2018
	Laccaria tortilis	1884
	Laccaria transilvanica	1991
	Laccaria trichodermophora	1984
	Laccaria trullisata	1912
	Laccaria versiforma	2018
	Laccaria versiformis	2018
	Laccaria vinaceoavellanea	1971
	Laccaria vinaceobrunnea	1984
	Laccaria vinaceorosea	1998
	Laccaria vinosofusca	1884
	Laccaria violaceibasis	2003
	Laccaria violaceonigra	1964
	Laccaria violaceotincta	2019
	Laccaria vulcanica	1994
	Laccaria yunnanensis	2014	China

External links

• 20. 1. 101–116. Mueller, Gregory M.. Gregory M. Mueller. New North American species of Laccaria (Agaricales). Mycotaxon. 1984. (Archived at: CYBERLIBER: an Electronic Library for Mycology.)
• 0015-0746. Mueller. Gregory M.. Systematics of Laccaria (Agaricales) in the continental United States and Canada, with discussions on extralimital taxa and descriptions of extant types. Fieldiana Botany. 30. 1–158. 1992. (Archived at: Archive.org.)
• Web site: Mueller. Gregory M.. The mushroom genus Laccaria in North America. 1997. https://web.archive.org/web/20090317171320/http://www.fieldmuseum.org/research_collections/botany/botany_sites/fungi/index.html. 2009-03-17. dead. Field Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2010-12-12.

Notes and References

1. Book: Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA . Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th . CABI . Wallingford . 2008. 357. 978-0-85199-826-8.
2. Mueller GM. (1985). Numerical taxonomic analyses on Laccaria (Agaricales). Mycologia 77: 121-129.
3. [G. K. Podila|Podila GK]
4. Martin F, Selosse MA. (2008). The Laccaria genome: a symbiont blueprint decoded. New Phytologist 180(2):296-310.
5. Book: Orr, Dorothy B. . Orr, Robert Thomas . Mushrooms of Western North America (California Natural History Guides) . University of California Press . Berkeley . 1980 . 0-520-03660-3 .