| Kovno Governorate | |
| Native Name Lang: | ru |
| Settlement Type: | Governorate |
| Mapsize: | 225px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Russian Empire |
| Subdivision Type1: | Krai |
| Subdivision Name1: | Northwestern |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1843 |
| Extinct Title: | Abolished |
| Extinct Date: | 1918 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Kovno |
| Area Total Km2: | 40641.36 |
| Population As Of: | 1897 |
| Population Total: | 1,544,564 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Total Type: | Total |
Kovno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kovno (Kaunas). It was formed on 18 December 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna Governorate, and the order was carried out on 1 July 1843. It was part of the Vilna Governorate-General and Northwestern Krai. The governorate included almost the entire Lithuanian region of Samogitia and the northern part of Aukštaitija.
The governorate was divided into seven uyezds:[1]
| County | County Seat | Area (km2) | Population in 1897 | Population in 1914 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1897[2] | ||||||
| Kovensky Uyezd | Kovno | 70.920 | 4,029 | 227,431 | 301,800 | |
| Novoalexandrovsky Uyezd | Novoaleksandrovsk | 6.359 | 5,437 | 208,487 | 242,300 | |
| Ponevezhsky Uyezd | Ponevezh | 12.968 | 6,215 | 222,881 | 259,700 | |
| Rossiyensky Uyezd | Rossiyeny | 7.455 | 6,485 | 235,362 | 279,200 | |
| Shavelsky Uyezd | Shavli | 16.128 | 6,922 | 237,934 | 294,500 | |
| Telshevsky Uyezd | Telshi | 6.205 | 5,306 | 183,351 | 216,000 | |
| 13.532 | 5,866 | 229,188 | 263,600 | |||
| Total | 40,260 | 1,544,564 | 1,857,100 | |||