Abacavir/lamivudine explained

Abacavir/lamivudine, sold under the brand name Kivexa among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It contains abacavir and lamivudine. It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. It is commonly used as part of the preferred treatment in children.^[3] It is taken by mouth as a tablet.^[4]

Common side effects include trouble sleeping, headache, depression, feeling tired, nausea, rash, and fever.^[4] Serious side effects may include high blood lactate levels, allergic reactions, and enlargement of the liver.^[4] It is not recommended in people with a specific gene known as HLA-B*5701.^[4] Safety in pregnancy has not been well studied but it appears to be okay.^[5] Lamivudine and abacavir are both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI).^[4]

Abacavir/lamivudine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004.^[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[6]

Society and culture

Names

It is marketed as Kivexa in most countries except for the United States, where it is branded as Epzicom.^[7]

Legal challenges

Teva Pharmaceuticals and Lupin Ltd both filed abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) relating to the treatments of HIV using various combinations of abacavir, lamivudine and AZT, and challenging various patents. In 2013 the US District Court for the District of Delaware upheld the validity of a patent covering Epzicom and Tizivir. Other matters were subject to appeal or litigation as of 20 November 2014.^[8]

See also

• Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine, brand name Trizivir
• Abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine, brand name Triumeq

External links

• Web site: Abacavir mixture with lamivudine . U.S. National Library of Medicine . Drug Information Portal .

Notes and References

1. Web site: CAVADEXA, ABADINE, ABALAMID HETERO, BACAMID, LAMAVIR 600/300 (Hetero Australia Pty Ltd) . Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) . 13 January 2023 . 15 April 2023.
2. Web site: Kivexa EPAR . . 17 September 2018 . 16 November 2020.
3. Book: ((World Health Organization)) . 2015 . The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children) . World Health Organization . Geneva . World Health Organization . 10665/189763 . WHO technical report series;994 . free . 9789241209946 . 0512-3054 . 45–46 .
4. Web site: Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA. 28 November 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170206022505/https://www.drugs.com/pro/abacavir-and-lamivudine-tablets.html. 6 February 2017.
5. Web site: Abacavir / lamivudine (Epzicom) Use During Pregnancy. www.drugs.com. 4 December 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161220201915/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/abacavir-lamivudine.html. 20 December 2016.
6. Book: ((World Health Organization)) . The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) . 2023 . 10665/371090 . World Health Organization . World Health Organization . Geneva . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 . free .
7. Web site: Our HIV medicines. https://web.archive.org/web/20091207235357/http://www.viivhealthcare.com/en/products/epzicom-kivexa.aspx. dead. 7 December 2009. viivhealthcare.com. 15 April 2023.
8. Web site: Glaxosmithkline. PROPOSED MAJOR TRANSACTION WITH NOVARTIS AG:Circular to Shareholders and Notice of General Meeting. 20 November 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150203213849/http://www.gsk.com/media/560424/gsk-novartis-circular.pdf. 2015-02-03. 2015-02-03.