KCNJ3 explained

G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 (GIRK-1) is encoded in the human by the gene KCNJ3.^[1]

Potassium channels are present in most mammalian cells, where they participate in a wide range of physiologic responses. The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein and inward-rectifier type potassium channel. The encoded protein, which has a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into a cell rather than out of a cell, is controlled by G-proteins and plays an important role in regulating heartbeat. It associates with three other G-protein-activated potassium channels to form a hetero-tetrameric pore-forming complex.

Interactions

KCNJ3 has been shown to interact with KCNJ5.^{[2] [3]}

See also

• G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channel
• Inward-rectifier potassium ion channel

Further reading

• Kubo Y, Adelman JP, Clapham DE, etal . International Union of Pharmacology. LIV. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of inwardly rectifying potassium channels . Pharmacol. Rev. . 57 . 4 . 509–26 . 2006 . 16382105 . 10.1124/pr.57.4.11 . 11588492 .
• Stoffel M, Espinosa R, Powell KL, etal . Human G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) gene (KCNJ3): localization to chromosome 2 and identification of a simple tandem repeat polymorphism . Genomics . 21 . 1 . 254–6 . 1994 . 8088798 . 10.1006/geno.1994.1253 .
• Schoots O, Yue KT, MacDonald JF, etal . Cloning of a G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channel from human cerebellum . Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. . 39 . 1–2 . 23–30 . 1996 . 8804710 . 10.1016/0169-328X(95)00349-W .
• Chan KW, Langan MN, Sui JL, etal . A recombinant inwardly rectifying potassium channel coupled to GTP- binding proteins . J. Gen. Physiol. . 107 . 3 . 381–97 . 1996 . 8868049 . 10.1085/jgp.107.3.381 . 2216996 .
• Liao YJ, Jan YN, Jan LY . Heteromultimerization of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channel proteins GIRK1 and GIRK2 and their altered expression in weaver brain . J. Neurosci. . 16 . 22 . 7137–50 . 1996 . 8929423 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-22-07137.1996. 6578936 . free .
• Signorini S, Liao YJ, Duncan SA, etal . Normal cerebellar development but susceptibility to seizures in mice lacking G protein-coupled, inwardly rectifying K+ channel GIRK2 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 94 . 3 . 923–7 . 1997 . 9023358 . 10.1073/pnas.94.3.923 . 19615 . 1997PNAS...94..923S . free .
• Huang CL, Jan YN, Jan LY . Binding of the G protein betagamma subunit to multiple regions of G protein-gated inward-rectifying K+ channels . FEBS Lett. . 405 . 3 . 291–8 . 1997 . 9108307 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00197-X . 44072628 . 1997FEBSL.405..291H .
• Schoots O, Voskoglou T, Van Tol HH . Genomic organization and promoter analysis of the human G-protein-coupled K+ channel Kir3.1 (KCNJ3/HGIRK1) . Genomics . 39 . 3 . 279–88 . 1997 . 9119365 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4495 .
• Corey S, Clapham DE . Identification of native atrial G-protein-regulated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK4) channel homomultimers . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 42 . 27499–504 . 1998 . 9765280 . 10.1074/jbc.273.42.27499 . free .
• Kennedy ME, Nemec J, Corey S, etal . GIRK4 confers appropriate processing and cell surface localization to G-protein-gated potassium channels . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 4 . 2571–82 . 1999 . 9891030 . 10.1074/jbc.274.4.2571 . free .
• Pabon A, Chan KW, Sui JL, etal . Glycosylation of GIRK1 at Asn119 and ROMK1 at Asn117 has different consequences in potassium channel function . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 39 . 30677–82 . 2000 . 10889209 . 10.1074/jbc.M005338200 . free .
• He C, Yan X, Zhang H, etal . Identification of critical residues controlling G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) channel activity through interactions with the beta gamma subunits of G proteins . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 8 . 6088–96 . 2002 . 11741896 . 10.1074/jbc.M104851200 . free .
• Chen L, Kawano T, Bajic S, etal . A glutamate residue at the C terminus regulates activity of inward rectifier K+ channels: Implication for Andersen's syndrome . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 12 . 8430–5 . 2002 . 12034888 . 10.1073/pnas.122682899 . 123084 . 2002PNAS...99.8430C . free .
• Lavine N, Ethier N, Oak JN, etal . G protein-coupled receptors form stable complexes with inwardly rectifying potassium channels and adenylyl cyclase . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 48 . 46010–9 . 2003 . 12297500 . 10.1074/jbc.M205035200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Ivanina T, Rishal I, Varon D, etal . Mapping the Gbetagamma-binding sites in GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the G protein-activated K+ channel . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 31 . 29174–83 . 2003 . 12743112 . 10.1074/jbc.M304518200 . free .
• Shankar H, Murugappan S, Kim S, etal . Role of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels in P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet functional responses . Blood . 104 . 5 . 1335–43 . 2004 . 15142872 . 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0069 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Plummer HK, Dhar MS, Cekanova M, Schuller HM . Expression of G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) in lung cancer cell lines . BMC Cancer . 5. 104 . 2006 . 16109170 . 10.1186/1471-2407-5-104 . 1208863 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: KCNJ3 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 3.
2. Huang . C L . Jan Y N . Jan L Y . Apr 1997 . Binding of the G protein betagamma subunit to multiple regions of G protein-gated inward-rectifying K+ channels . FEBS Lett. . 405 . 3 . 291–8 . 0014-5793. 9108307 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00197-X . 44072628 . 1997FEBSL.405..291H .
3. He . Cheng . Yan Xixin . Zhang Hailin . Mirshahi Tooraj . Jin Taihao . Huang Aijun . Logothetis Diomedes E . Feb 2002 . Identification of critical residues controlling G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) channel activity through interactions with the beta gamma subunits of G proteins . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 8 . 6088–96 . 0021-9258. 11741896 . 10.1074/jbc.M104851200 . free .