| Election Name: | July 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election |
| Country: | Sri Lanka |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | March 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election |
| Previous Year: | March 1960 |
| Next Election: | 1965 Ceylonese parliamentary election |
| Next Year: | 1965 |
| Seats For Election: | 151 seats in the House of Representatives of Ceylon 76 seats were needed for a majority |
| Election Date: | 20 July 1960 |
| Image1: | Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon 1960 (cropped).PNG |
| Leader1: | Sirimavo Bandaranaike |
| Leader Since1: | 1960 |
| Party1: | Sri Lanka Freedom Party |
| Leaders Seat1: | n/a |
| Last Election1: | 21.28%, 46 seats |
| Seats1: | 75 |
| Seat Change1: | 29 |
| Popular Vote1: | 1,022,171 |
| Percentage1: | 33.22% |
| Swing1: | 11.94pp |
| Leader2: | Dudley Senanayake |
| Leader Since2: | 1957 |
| Party2: | United National Party |
| Leaders Seat2: | Dedigama |
| Last Election2: | 29.89%, 50 seats |
| Seats2: | 30 |
| Seat Change2: | 20 |
| Popular Vote2: | 1,144,166 |
| Percentage2: | 37.19% |
| Swing2: | 7.30pp |
| Prime Minister | |
| Posttitle: | Prime Minister-designate |
| Before Election: | Dudley Senanayake |
| After Election: | Sirimavo Bandaranaike |
| Before Party: | United National Party |
| After Party: | Sri Lanka Freedom Party |
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon in July 1960.
The March 1960 election had left neither of Ceylon's two major parties with a majority, so another election was inevitable.
The Sri Lanka Freedom Party, which had been in disarray since the murder of its leader S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike the previous year, settled on his widow, Sirimavo, as its new leader. She pledged to continue her husband's policies, notably the Sinhala Only Act, and to proceed with repatriation of the estate Tamils to India. However, she promised to reach a compromise with the Federal Party.
The United National Party, led by Dudley Senanayake, refused to compromise with the Federal Party. It also differed with the SLFP over economic policy. The SLFP called for a socialist program of nationalization of both private enterprises and religious schools; the UNP preferred to leave both in private hands.
The SLFP obtained a bare majority, despite getting a lower share of the popular vote than the UNP, and Mrs. Bandaranaike became prime minister. This was the first time in history a woman led her party to victory in a general election and thus becoming prime minister.