| Joshua Mathiot | |
| State: | Ohio |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1841 |
| Term End: | March 3, 1843 |
| Preceded: | Jonathan Taylor |
| Succeeded: | Samuel Finley Vinton |
| Party: | Whig |
| Birth Date: | 4 April 1800 |
| Birth Place: | Connellsville, Pennsylvania |
| Death Place: | Newark, Ohio |
| Restingplace: | Cedar Hill Cemetery |
Joshua Mathiot (April 4, 1800 - July 30, 1849) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.
Born in Connellsville, Pennsylvania, Mathiot moved to Newark, Ohio, around 1830.He studied law.He was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Newark. Mathiot served as prosecuting attorney 1832–1836.He served as mayor of Newark in 1834.
Mathiot was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843).He was Grand worthy patriarch of the Sons of Temperance in Ohio, and while attending a temperance convention at Sandusky, he contracted cholera, from which he died in Newark, Ohio, July 30, 1849.He was interred in Cedar Hill Cemetery.