| José María Peralta | |
| Office: | President of El Salvador |
| Term Start: | 15 February 1859 |
| Term End: | 12 March 1859 Acting President |
| Predecessor: | Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (acting) |
| Successor: | Gerardo Barrios |
| Term Start1: | 16 December 1860 |
| Term End1: | 7 February 1861 Acting President |
| Predecessor1: | Gerardo Barrios |
| Successor1: | Gerardo Barrios |
| Birth Date: | December 1807 |
| Birth Place: | San Salvador, El Salvador |
| Death Date: | 6 December 1883 |
| Death Place: | San Salvador, El Salvador |
| Children: | José María Peralta Lagos |
José María Peralta (December 1807 – 6 December 1883) was born in San Salvador. He was President of El Salvador from 15 February to 12 March 1859.[1]
He died in San Salvador. His descendants include son José María Peralta Lagos (1873–1944), writer, military engineer and politician, grandson José María Peralta Salazar (1908–1964), president of the Salvadoran Senate and diplomat, great-grandson José María Peralta Salazar II (1947–1999), Salvadoran lawyer and law professor at the National University of El Salvador, and great-granddaughter Ana Carolina Peralta Bierman, American lawyer and academic (1974).