| Jamshid Amouzegar | |
| Office: | Prime Minister of Iran |
| Term Start: | 7 August 1977 |
| Term End: | 27 August 1978 |
| Predecessor: | Amir-Abbas Hoveyda |
| Successor: | Jafar Sharif-Emami |
| Order2: | Minister of Interior |
| Primeminister2: | Amir-Abbas Hoveida |
| Term Start2: | 1 March 1974 |
| Term End2: | 7 August 1977 |
| Predecessor2: | Kamal Hassani |
| Successor2: | Gholam Reza Azhari |
| Order3: | Minister of Finance |
| Primeminister3: | Amir-Abbas Hoveida |
| Term Start3: | 1 February 1965 |
| Term End3: | 1 March 1974 |
| Predecessor3: | Amir-Abbas Hoveida |
| Successor3: | Hushang Ansary |
| Birth Date: | 1923 6, df=y |
| Birth Place: | Tehran, Qajar Persia |
| Death Place: | Rockville, Maryland, U.S. |
| Alma Mater: | Cornell University |
| Party: | Rastakhiz Party |
| Parents: | Habibollah Amouzegar (father) Ehteram Sadat Azmounian (mother) |
| Relatives: | Jahangir Amuzegar (brother) |
| Signature: | Jamshid Amouzegar signature.gif |
Jamshid Amouzegar (fa|جمشید آموزگار; 25 June 1923[1] – 27 September 2016) was an Iranian economist, politician, and the prime minister of Iran from 7 August 1977 until his resignation on 27 August 1978. Prior to that, he served as the minister of interior and minister of finance in the cabinet of Amir-Abbas Hoveida. He was the leader of Rastakhiz Party during his tenure as prime minister of Iran.
Jamshid was born on 25 June 1923 in Tehran, Persia. His father was Habibollah Amouzegar, a leading lawyer and politician, and he had a brother, Jahangir.[2]
He graduated from Tehran University with degrees in law and engineering, and then attended Cornell University, where he received a Ph.D in 1950.[3]
Amouzegar served as deputy minister in Iran's ministry of health under Jahanshah Saleh in 1955.
In 1959, Amouzegar replaced Hassan Akhavi as agriculture minister when Akhavi was removed from the cabinet of Prime Minister Manouchehr Eghbal.[4] He was appointed minister of labor and then minister of health in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Hasan-ali Mansour. He subsequently became minister of finance in the cabinet of Amir Abbas Hoveida after the assassination of Prime Minister Mansour in 1964, remaining in that post for nine years.
From 1965 to 1974, he headed several ordinary meetings of the OPEC.[5] In 1971, he and Saudi Oil Minister Ahmed Zaki Yamani were instrumental in implementing the series of price hikes that ultimately quadrupled the price of oil and provided the resources for Iran to modernize its infrastructure, agriculture, and defense. For this accomplishment, Amouzegar was awarded the Taj-e Iran, first-class, an honor normally reserved for only the prime minister and former prime ministers. He was appointed minister of interior in 1974. On 21 December 1975 he was taken hostage by the Venezuelan terrorist Carlos the Jackal during an OPEC meeting. Carlos was ordered to execute him but did not do so, and Amouzegar was released along with the other hostages after a few days. Carlos flew him and a Saudi to Algeria, where they were released.
In 1977, he became chairman of the Rastakhiz Party (Resurrection), having led the progressive faction against finance minister Hushang Ansary's liberal constructionist faction. Soon after Jimmy Carter became president of the United States, Amouzegar was appointed Prime Minister of Iran on 7 August 1977, succeeding Amir Abbas Hoveyda in the post. However, he became unpopular as he attempted to slow the overheated economy with measures that, although generally thought necessary, triggered a downturn in employment and private sector profits that would later compound the government's problems. On 27 August 1978, he resigned, and was replaced by Jafar Sharif-Emami.[6] [7]
Amouzegar did not return to Iran after leaving in 1978. He lived in Chevy Chase, Maryland, and later in Rockville, Maryland,[8] and was a consultant to the government of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.[8]
He died in Rockville, Maryland, on 27 September 2016, at the age of 93.[8]