| Honorific-Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Earl of Rosslyn | |
| Office1: | Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal |
| Term Start1: | 6 September 1890 |
| Term End1: | 10 August 1939 Hereditary Peerage |
| Predecessor1: | The 4th Earl of Rosslyn |
| Successor1: | The 6th Earl of Rosslyn |
| Birth Name: | James Francis Harry St Clair-Erskine |
| Birth Date: | 6 March 1869 |
| Parents: | Robert St Clair-Erskine, 4th Earl of Rosslyn Blanche Adeliza FitzRoy |
| Spouse: | |
| Children: | 5 |
| Relatives: |
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James Francis Harry St Clair-Erskine, 5th Earl of Rosslyn (16 March 1869 – 10 August 1939), styled Lord Loughborough until 1890, was a Scottish soldier, author and aristocrat.
Lord Rosslyn was the eldest son of Robert St Clair-Erskine, 4th Earl of Rosslyn and the former Blanche Adeliza (née FitzRoy) Maynard (the widow of Col. the Hon. Charles Henry Maynard, eldest son and heir apparent of Henry Maynard, 3rd Viscount Maynard). His mother was described as "one of the last survivors of the great Victorian hostesses" and personally knew many of the most famous people of the Victorian era, including Benjamin Disraeli and William Gladstone. His siblings were Lady Millicent St Clair-Erskine (wife of 4th Duke of Sutherland), Hon. Alexander St Clair-Erskine (who married an American),[1] Lady Sybil St Clair-Erskine (wife of Anthony Fane, 13th Earl of Westmorland), and Lady Angela St Clair-Erskine (wife of Lt.-Col. James Stewart Forbes). From his mother's first marriage, he had two elder half-sisters, including Daisy (later Countess of Warwick from her marriage to Francis Greville, 5th Earl of Warwick), who inherited the Maynard estates, including Easton Lodge.[2]
His paternal grandparents were James St Clair-Erskine, 3rd Earl of Rosslyn, and Frances (née Wemyss), Countess of Rosslyn. Through his mother, he was a direct descendant of Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton.
From 1886 to 1890, he served as Lieutenant in the 3rd Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment and in 1890, he was Second Lieutenant with the Royal Horse Guards.
Lord Rosslyn succeeded his father in the earldom on 6 September 1890, inheriting the family seat, Rosslyn Castle in Midlothian, Scotland and Rosslyn Chapel, collieries at Dysart, a luxury steam yacht, and assets of £50,000.[3] His mother, the dowager Countess of Rosslyn, survived his father by over 40 years before her death at Regent's Park, London, in December 1933.[4]
From 1890 to 1897, he was Captain of the Fifeshire Light Horse Volunteers, serving with Alexander Thorneycroft's Mounted Infantry during the Second Boer War where he was taken prisoner twice,[5] which he wrote about in his book Twice Captured. After his bankruptcy, he resigned his commission in the Fife. Lord Rosslyn was war correspondent for the Daily Mail in 1900. In 1904, he was Secretary to the Secretary of State for Scotland and from 1915 to 1917, he was Major in the King's Royal Rifle Corps.
Lord Rosslyn was a notorious gambler, betting £15,000 on Buccaneer to win the Manchester Cup, which lost. He played the roulette tables at Cannes and Monte Carlo, which he wrote about in his autobiography My Gamble With Life. By 1896, he had lost everything and was declared bankrupt,[6] which led to the family silver, gold and silver plate being sold at a three-day auction in Edinburgh.[3]
In 1902, he lost £310 while playing poker.[7] In 1903, he was in Court for refusing to pay a $150 draft.[8] In 1908, Rosslyn and Sir Hiram Maxim were in the news for a gambling duel in Monte Carlo to "break the bank".[9]
On 19 July 1890, Lord Rosslyn was married to Violet Aline Vyner (d. 1945), the second daughter and co-heiress of Robert Charles de Grey Vyner of Gautby Hall and Newby Hall by his wife Eleanor Shafto (a daughter of Rev. Slingsby Duncombe Shafto). At their wedding the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII, proposed the health of bride and groom. Lord Rosslyn was a close friend of the Prince who became godfather to his son.[3] Before their divorce in 1902,[10] they were the parents of:
After their divorce, Lady Rosslyn married the English race car driver Charles Jarrott in 1903 (they were the parents of director Charles Jarrott).[15]
On 21 March 1905, he was married to an American actress, Anna Robinson (d. 1917), the second daughter of George Robinson of Minneapolis, Minnesota.[16] They divorced in 1907 and Anna later died on 4 October 1917.
His third marriage took place on 8 October 1908 to Vera Mary Bayley (d. 1975), a daughter of Eric Edward Bayley of Little Moyle in County Carlow. Together, they were the parents of:
Lord Rosslyn died on 10 August 1939 and was succeeded by his grandson, Anthony.[17] His widow, the dowager Countess of Rosslyn, died on 24 February 1975.[17]
Through his eldest son, Lord Loughborough, he was a grandfather of Anthony Hugh Francis Harry St Clair-Erskine, 6th Earl of Rosslyn (1917–1977), who married Athénaïs de Mortemart, only daughter of Louis Victor de Mortemart, Duc de Vivonne, and the Hon. Peter George Alexander St Clair-Erskine (1918–1939) of the Royal Air Force.[17]
Through his youngest daughter, Lady Mary, he was a grandfather of Serena Mary Dunn (1934–2019), who married Jacob Rothschild, 4th Baron Rothschild; and Nell Mary Dunn (b. 1936), who married Jeremy Sandford and became a playwright and author.[18]