Isfahan province explained

Isfahan province should not be confused with Isfahan County.

Isfahan Province
Native Name:fa|استان اصفهان
Native Name Lang:fa
Settlement Type:Province
Map Alt:Map of Iran with Isfahan province highlighted
Coordinates:32.6667°N 106°W
Coordinates Footnotes:[1]
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Region
Subdivision Name1:Region 2
Parts Type:Counties
Parts Style:para
P1:29
Seat Type:Capital
Seat:Isfahan
Leader Title:Governor-general
Leader Name:Mehdi Jamalinejad
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Total Km2:107018
Population Total:5120850
Population As Of:2016
Population Density Km2:auto
Blank Name Sec1:Main language(s)
Blank Info Sec1:Predominantly Persian.
small Minority: Bakhtiari Luri, Qashqai, Georgian, Armenian languages in some regions of the province
Timezone1:IRST
Utc Offset1:+03:30
Blank Name Sec2:HDI (2017)
Blank Info Sec2:0.830[2]
· 3rd
Population Est:5,343,000[3]
Pop Est As Of:2020

Isfahan or Esfahan/Espahan province (fa|استان اصفهان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Isfahan.[4]

The province is in the center of the country in Iran's Region 2,[5] whose secretariat is located in Isfahan.

History

Historians have recorded Espahan, Sepahan or Isfahan initially as a defense and military base. The security and protection of the gradually increasing castles and fortifications, thereby, would provide the protection of residents nearby, therefore leading to the growth of large settlements nearby. These historical castles were Atashgah, Sarooyieh, Tabarok, Kohan Dej, and Gard Dej. The oldest of these is Ghal'eh Sefeed and the grounds at Tamijan from prehistoric times. The historic village of Abyaneh, a nationwide attraction, also has Sassanid ruins and fire temples among other historical relics.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, Isfahan province enjoyed high standards of prosperity as it became the capital of Safavid Persia. While the city of Sepahan (Esfahan) was their seat of monarchical, Kashan was their place of vacation and leisure.

Demographics

Language

A majority of the population speak Persian as first language with a minority of Luri, Turkic, Georgian, Biyabanaki and Armenian speakers.

During the Pahlavi era, a large group of Kurds from the Gulbaghi tribe were moved from the north of Kurdistan province to the city of Isfahan and the cities of Yazd, Kashan, and Nayin. Today, the Gulbaghi tribe are mostly assimilated elements in the population of these cities.[6] [7]

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 4,499,327 in 1,223,684 households, with a literacy rate of 88.65 percent.[8] The following census in 2011 counted 4,879,312 people in 1,454,162 households.[9] The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 5,120,850 in 1,607,482 households.[10]

Administrative divisions

The population history and structural changes of Isfahan Province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.

Isfahan Province
Counties 2006 2011 2016
89,961 97,409 103,517
43,585 41,405 42,105
— 108,933 122,419
— — 24,163
33,684 33,942 32,479
34,149 34,844 34,511
232,019 247,014 249,814
81,622 79,743 49,890
38,955 38,334 35,654
82,601 87,479 90,086
— — —
1,963,315 2,174,172 2,243,249
— — —
297,000 323,371 364,482
31,542 32,423 33,049
282,888 311,629 319,727
— 17,793 19,761
— — —
225,559 246,510 262,912
— — —
132,925 143,474 150,441
54,298 38,077 39,261
279,014 300,288 319,205
43,947 42,239 43,977
70,735 65,047 74,109
277,783 196,584 234,667
139,702 149,555 159,797
64,043 69,047 71,575
— — —
Total 4,499,327 4,879,312 5,120,850

Cities

According to the 2016 census, 4,507,430 people (over 88% of the population of Isfahan province) live in the following cities:[10]

City Population
22,429
5,976
3,696
8,067
1,903
65,404
15,744
4,858
6,876
14,723
1,978
10,279
4,356
11,284
79,023
5,382
4,588
9,889
9,924
15,574
13,732
4,366
20,078
17,775
8,272
17,945
18,935
47,800
40,945
3,156
37,704
2,968
13,603
88,426
24,433
25,235
58,936
9,904
5,437
9,690
6,012
9,491
4,922
7,829
4,478
14,633
Isfahan 1,961,260
4,665
4,181
6,998
2,434
7,058
10,442
304,487
25,635
3,023
21,883
247,128
6,765
5,100
29,154
2,305
5,518
13,248
1,832
3,727
9,363
7,164
5,357
5,651
69,449
5,032
27,379
235,281
6,425
14,122
2,319
4,364
11,838
13,469
34,226
9,712
3,877
3,606
4,332
5,063
19,101
5,804
26,942
173,329
5,915
134,952
5,495
9,924
1,749
21,703
4,275
1,665
18,700
12,714
5,952
55,817
8,320
9,463
7,962
3,918
10,200

Geography

The Isfahan province covers an area of approximately 107,018 square km and is situated in the center of Iran. To its north, stand the Markazi (Central) Province and the provinces of Qom and Semnan. To its south, it is bordered by the provinces of Fars, and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. Aminabad is the most southern city of Isfahan province just 2 km north of the border. To the east, it is bordered by the province of Yazd. To the west, it shares its border with the province of Lurestan and to the southwest lies the province of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiyari.

The province experiences a moderate and dry climate on the whole, ranging between 40.6 °C (105.08 °F) and 10.6 °C (51 °F) on a cold day in the winter season. The average annual temperature has been recorded as 16.7 °C (62 °F) and the annual rainfall on average has been reported as 116.9 mm. The city of Sepahan (Esfahan) however experiences an excellent climate, with four distinct seasons.

With an elevation of 4,040 metres, the Shahankuh is the highest peak in Isfahan province. This mountain is located about 20 kilometres southwest of the city of Fereydunshahr in the western part of the province.

Isfahan province has 52 rivers, mostly small and temporary, with the exception of the Zāyanderud, which totals 405 km in length a basin area of 27,100 km2.[11]

Biodiversity

Esmaeilius isfahanensis (Farsi: کپوردندان_اصفهان) is a species of Cyprinodontid fish endemic to the Zayandehrud river basin (see genus Esmaeilius). It is known only from three sites across the province.[12] [13] [14] [15] Allium chlorotepalum is an endemic species of Isfahan province, Astragalus vernaculus is also common in the west of the province.[16] [17]

Modern economy

Nine tons of saffron are produced by this province by the year.[18]

It is the biggest milk and dairy producer in Iran.[19]

High tech

The state has 18k active fiber optically connected network ports as of mid 2023.[20]

Military

Iranian armed forces and the Islamic Republic military has several locations inside Isfahan province, There is also Esfahan nuclear fuel research and production center nfrpc. Hesa specializes in aerospace and helicopter maintenance and weaponry.[21] [22] [23]

Tourism

Bridges

Main Isfahan attractions include

Cuisine

According to the Isfahan atlas, well-known local dishes include, Kachi, Kebab Golpayegan, Samanu Shahreza, Khansar, Yokhe bread (Kaak) and Semirom.[25] [26]

Education

As of 2023, fifty thousand foreigners were studying in schools in Isfahan province.[27]

See main article: List of Universities in Isfahan Province.

Public universities

Islamic Azad Universities

Several well-known Islamic Azad University campuses in Iran are located in the province:

See also

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. ((OpenStreetMap contributors)) . Isfahan Province. . 24 November 2024. 24 November 2024. fa.
  2. Web site: Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab. hdi.globaldatalab.org. en. 2018-09-13. 2018-09-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/. live.
  3. Web site: توجه: تفاوت در سرجمع به دليل گرد شدن ارقام به رقم هزار مي باشد. (in Persian). Amar. September 29, 2020. August 3, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200803000310/https://amar.org.ir/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA#5581721--. live.
  4. Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Isfahan province, centered in the city of Isfahan. fa. lamtakam.com. Lam ta Kam. https://web.archive.org/web/20240204010546/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113034. Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Habibi. Hassan. 4 February 2024. c. 2024. Approved 21 June 1369. Proposal 3233.1.5.53; Letter 93808-907; Notification 82838/T131K. 4 February 2024.
  5. News: 22 June 2014 . 1 Tir 1393, Jalaali. همشهری آنلاین-استان‌های کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند (Provinces were divided into 5 regions). fa. Hamshahri Online. https://web.archive.org/web/20140623191332/http://www.hamshahrionline.ir/details/263382/Iran/-provinces. 23 June 2014. live.
  6. سیاست های ایلیاتی پهلوی اول برابر گلباغی ها . 10.25098/6.3.21 . 2022 . The Scientific Journal of Cihan University – Sulaimanyia . 6 . 3 . 391–404 . Ahmadi . Mansur . free .
  7. Web site: کینه رضا شاه از طوایف و عشایر گه‌لواخی/ نه گلباغی ماند اینجا نه همدانی آنجا . 8 May 1402 .
  8. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Isfahan Province. fa. The Statistical Center of Iran. amar.org.ir. 25 September 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20110920083455/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/10.xls. Excel. 20 September 2011.
  9. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Isfahan Province. fa. The Statistical Center of Iran. irandataportal.syr.edu. Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University. https://web.archive.org/web/20230117221845/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Esfahan.xls. 17 January 2023. 19 December 2022. Excel.
  10. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Isfahan Province. fa. The Statistical Center of Iran. amar.org.ir. 19 December 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20201019041954/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_10.xlsx. Excel. 19 October 2020.
  11. EIr and Xavier de Planhol, “ISFAHAN i. GEOGRAPHY,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2012. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/isfahan-i-geography#1 .
  12. Ghafouri. Zaniar. Keivany. Yazdan. Soofiani. Nasrollah M.. 2019-01-01. Reproductive biology of Aphanius isfahanensis in the Zayandehrud River, central Iran. Environmental Biology of Fishes. en. 102. 1. 19–25. 10.1007/s10641-018-0833-0. 2019EnvBF.102...19G . 53816219. 1573-5133. 2020-09-29. 2020-12-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090412/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10641-018-0833-0. live.
  13. Web site: Zicha. Ondrej. BioLib: Biological library. 2020-09-27. www.biolib.cz. 2016-03-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041439/http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id326202/. live.
  14. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology . زانيار. غفوري. يزدان. کيواني. نصراله. محبوبي صوفياني. March 21, 2018 . شاخص هاي تغذيه اي کپوردندان ماهي اصفهان (Aphanius isfahanensis) در رودخانه زاينده رود در ايران. Fa. 5. 3. 184–191. 2020-09-29. 2020-12-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090438/https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=471688. live.
  15. Web site: تنوع جمعیتی کپوردندان اصفهان (Aphanius isfahanensis). 2020-09-27. www.virascience.com. 2020-12-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090414/https://www.virascience.com/thesis/799808/. live.
  16. The conservation status of two Allium)Amaryllidaceae(species in Iran. 2019 . 4 . 1 . 10.22092/irn.2019.118682 . 2020-10-06. 2020-12-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090415/https://irannature.areeo.ac.ir/article_118682_en.html. live. اخوان روفیگر . آزاده . باقری . علی . جم‌زاد . زیبا . جلیلی . عادل . طبیعت ایران .
  17. Conservation status of endemic species Astragalus vernaculus (Fabaceae). 2020 . 4 . 6 . 10.22092/irn.2020.120810 . 2020-10-06. 2020-10-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20201008180330/https://irannature.areeo.ac.ir/article_120810_en.html. live. اخوان روفیگر . آزاده . باقری . علی . جم زاد . زیبا . جلیلی . عادل . طبیعت ایران .
  18. Web site: برداشت زعفران از مزارع استان اصفهان. 2020-11-17. www.iribnews.ir. 2020-12-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090438/https://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/2914477/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86. live.
  19. Web site: استان اصفهان؛ ستون خیمه امنیت غذایی کشور . 31 August 2022 . 1 September 2022 . 1 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220901032656/https://www.imna.ir/news/601382/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AE%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1 . live .
  20. News: ۱۸ هزار پورت فیبرنوری در استان اصفهان به بهره‌برداری رسید. 2023-05-18 . www.irna.ir.
  21. Web site: Isfahan xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIES – Encyclopaedia Iranica . 2023-05-18 . 2023-05-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506153622/https://iranicaonline.org/articles/isfahan-xiv-modern-economy-and-industries . live .
  22. Web site: Isfahan xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIES (– Encyclopaedia Iranica . 2023-05-18 . 2020-05-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200526223522/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/isfahan-xiv1-modern-economy-of-the-province . live .
  23. Web site: Isfahan xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIES (– Encyclopaedia Iranica . 2023-05-18 . 2020-05-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200526223524/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/isfahan-xiv2-industries-of-isfahan-city . live .
  24. Web site: Isfahan Bridge - IsfahanMag. 29 June 2023.
  25. Web site: آغاز تدوین اطلس غذایی استان اصفهان. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090408/https://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/2851784/%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86. 2020-12-20. 2020-12-20. www.iribnews.ir.
  26. Web site: تدوین اطلس غذایی استان اصفهان آغاز شد- اخبار اصفهان - اخبار استانها تسنیم - Tasnim. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20201220090439/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/07/20/2366713/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%B4%D8%AF. 2020-12-20. 2020-12-20. خبرگزاری تسنیم - Tasnim. fa.
  27. Web site: صدور ۱۸۰۰ شناسنامه برای فرزندان اتباع / ۵۳ هزار دانش‌آموز تبعه خارجی در اصفهان داریم - ایمنا . https://web.archive.org/web/20230921152238/https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:https://www.imna.ir/news/688167/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B0%DB%B0-%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B9-%DB%B5%DB%B3-%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4-%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%87 . 21 September 2023 .
  28. Web site: Islamic azad university falavarjan branch . 2015-03-06 . 2015-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150315072513/http://iaufala.ac.ir/index.aspx?lang=2&sub=0 . live .
  29. Web site: khuisf.ac.ir . khuisf.ac.ir . 2013-08-11 . 2013-08-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130813043733/http://www.khuisf.ac.ir/ . live .
  30. Web site: Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. en.khuisf.ac.ir. 27 March 2018. 12 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130212032926/http://en.khuisf.ac.ir/. live.

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