Interacting boson model explained

The interacting boson model (IBM) is a model in nuclear physics in whichnucleons (protons or neutrons) pair up, essentiallyacting as a single particle with boson properties, withintegral spin of either 2 (d-boson) or 0 (s-boson). They correspond to a quintuplet and singlet, i.e. 6 states.

It is sometimes known as the Interacting boson approximation (IBA).

The IBM1/IBM-I model treats both types of nucleons the same and considers only pairs of nucleons coupled tototal angular momentum 0 and 2, called respectively, s and d bosons.

The IBM2/IBM-II model treats protons and neutrons separately.

Both models are restricted to nuclei with even numbers of protons and neutrons.

The model can be used to predict vibrational and rotational modes of non-spherical nuclei.^[1]

History

This model was invented by Akito Arima and Francesco Iachello in 1974.^[2] while working at the Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut(KVI) in Groningen, Netherlands. KVI is now property of Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen (https://umcgresearch.org/).

See also

• Liquid drop model
• Nuclear shell model

References

• Arima . A. . Iachello . F. . Collective Nuclear States as Representations of a SU(6) Group . Physical Review Letters . American Physical Society (APS) . 35 . 16 . 1975-10-20 . 0031-9007 . 10.1103/physrevlett.35.1069 . 1069–1072. 1975PhRvL..35.1069A .
• Book: Iachello, F . Arima. A.. The Interacting Boson Model . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge . 1987 . 978-0-511-89551-7 . 776970502 .
• Arima . A . Iachello . F . Interacting boson model of collective states I. The vibrational limit . Annals of Physics . Elsevier BV . 99 . 2 . 1976 . 0003-4916 . 10.1016/0003-4916(76)90097-x . 253–317. 1976AnPhy..99..253A .
• Arima . A . Iachello . F . Interacting boson model of collective nuclear states II. The rotational limit . Annals of Physics . Elsevier BV . 111 . 1 . 1978 . 0003-4916 . 10.1016/0003-4916(78)90228-2 . 201–238. 1978AnPhy.111..201A .
• Scholten . O . Iachello . F . Arima . A . Interacting boson model of collective nuclear states III. The transition from SU(5) to SU(3) . Annals of Physics . Elsevier BV . 115 . 2 . 1978 . 0003-4916 . 10.1016/0003-4916(78)90159-8 . 325–366. 1978AnPhy.115..325S .
• Arima . A . Iachello . F . Interacting boson model of collective nuclear states IV. The O(6) limit . Annals of Physics . Elsevier BV . 123 . 2 . 1979 . 0003-4916 . 10.1016/0003-4916(79)90347-6 . 468–492. 1979AnPhy.123..468A .
• Arima . A . Iachello . F . The Interacting Boson Model . . Annual Reviews . 31 . 1 . 1981 . 0163-8998 . 10.1146/annurev.ns.31.120181.000451. free . 75–105. 1981ARNPS..31...75A .
• Book: Talmi, Igal . Simple models of complex nuclei : the shell model and interacting boson model . Harwood Academic Publishers . Chur, Switzerland Langhorne, Pa., U.S.A . 1993 . 978-3-7186-0550-7 . 25706648 .

Further reading

• Evolution of shapes in even–even nuclei using the standard interacting boson model

Notes and References

1. Kratz . J. V. . 5 September 2011 . The Impact of Superheavy Elements on the Chemical and Physical Sciences . 4th International Conference on the Chemistry and Physics of the Transactinide Elements . 27 August 2013.
2. Book: An Introduction to the Interacting Boson Model of the Atomic Nucleus . Walter Pfeifer . 1998 . 978-3-7281-2520-0 .