Homoeomma Explained

Homoeomma (eyelike, from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, like, and ὄμμα, eye) is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871.^[1] It is considered a senior synonym of Calopelma, Butantania, and of Cyclothoracoides. These tarantulas are usually quite small and usually burrow a few centimeters under a rock or log.^[2]

Diagnosis

Males of this genus can be distinguished by the tile-like apophysis on the base of the palpal bulb, and the embolus being in an obtuse angle, in relation to the bulb. Males also have a flexion of the metatarsus 1, which is between the branches of the tibial apophysis. Females can be distinguished by the spermatheca morphology, which lacks constriction in the apex.

Species

it contains thirteen species, found in South America:^[3]

• Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917) – Brazil
• Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile
• Homoeomma elegans (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) – Argentina
• Homoeomma familiare Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil
• Homoeomma hirsutum (Mello-Leitão, 1935) – Brazil
• Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923) – Brazil
• Homoeomma nigrum (Walckenaer, 1837) – Brazil
• Homoeomma orellanai Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile
• Homoeomma peruvianum (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru
• Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892) – Colombia, Brazil
• Homoeomma stradlingi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 (type) – Brazil
• Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946) – Uruguay, Argentina
• Homoeomma villosum (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil

In synonymy

• H. bicolor Sherwood, Gabriel & Longhorn, 2018 = Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018
• H. cyclothorax (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923)
• H. moreirae (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917)
• H. regina (Chamberlin, 1917) = Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892)
• H. serratum (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) = Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946)

Transferred to other genera

• Homoeomma alcirae Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954 → Plesiopelma alcirae
• Homoeomma humile Vellard, 1924 → Bumba humilis
• Homoeomma pictum (Pocock, 1903) → Anqasha picta'
• Homoeomma simoni Soares & Camargo, 1948 → Catanduba simoni

See also

• List of Theraphosidae species

Notes and References

1. Book: Ausserer . Anton . Anton Ausserer . Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Arachniden-Familie der Territelariae Thorell (Mygalidae Autor) . 1871 . Vienna . 210 .
2. Web site: Montenegro . Rubén . A. Aguilera . Milenko . Casanueva . María Eugenia . 2018 . First record of Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 in Chile and description of two new species . August 1, 2022 . ResearchGate.
3. Gloor. Daniel. Nentwig. Wolfgang. Blick. Theo. Kropf. Christian. 2022. Gen. Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871. Natural History Museum Bern. 10.24436/2. World Spider Catalog Version 23.0. 12 February 2022.