| Honorific Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Countess Temple | |
| Birthname: | Hester Temple |
| Birth Date: | bapt. 7 May 1684[1] |
| Death Date: | 6 October 1752 (aged 68) |
| Office: | Countess Temple |
| Term Start: | 1749 |
| Term End: | 1752 |
| Predecessor: | New creation |
| Successor: | Richard Grenville-Temple |
| Office1: | Viscountess Cobham |
| Term Start1: | 1749 |
| Term End1: | 1752 |
| Predecessor1: | Richard Temple |
| Successor1: | Richard Grenville-Temple |
| Children: | Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple George Grenville James Grenville Henry Grenville Thomas Grenville Hester Pitt, Countess of Chatham |
| Parents: | Sir Richard Temple, 3rd Baronet Mary Knapp |
| Relatives: | William Pitt the Younger (grandson) Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham (brother) |
Hester Grenville, 1st Countess Temple, 2nd Viscountess Cobham (née Temple; bapt. 7 May 1684 - 6 October 1752) was an English noblewoman. She was the mother and grandmother of the Prime Ministers George Grenville and William Grenville.
She was the daughter (and eventual co-heir) of Sir Richard Temple, 3rd Bt. (1634 - 1697), of Stowe, Buckinghamshire, and his wife, Mary Knapp.
Hester married Richard Grenville of Wotton in Buckinghamshire on 25 November 1710, and became the mother of five sons, all of whom served as members of parliament:
Her daughter, Hester (1720–1803), was the wife of William Pitt the Elder and mother of William Pitt the Younger, who both became prime minister.[2]
Hester was the sister of Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, whose title she inherited under a special remainder in 1749; on 18 October of the same year, her husband being long dead, she was created 1st Countess Temple.[3] Lord Cobham had excluded from succession his nephews Temple West and Gilbert West (who were sons of his elder sister Maria and Richard West), and also his other sister Penelope.