| Henry Kemble Oliver | |
| Birth Date: | 24 November 1800 |
| Birth Place: | Beverly, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Birth Name: | Thomas Henry Oliver |
| Death Place: | Salem, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Nationality: | American |
| Party: | Republican |
| Office: | 21st Mayor of Salem, Massachusetts |
| Term Start: | 1877 |
| Term End: | 1880 |
| Predecessor: | Henry L. Williams |
| Successor: | Samuel Calley |
| Office2: | 26th Massachusetts Treasurer |
| Term Start2: | 1861 |
| Term End2: | 1866 |
| Office4: | 5th Mayor of Lawrence, Massachusetts |
| Majority: | 297 |
| Term Start4: | 1859 |
| Term End4: | 1859 |
| Predecessor4: | John R. Rollins |
| Successor4: | Daniel Saunders, Jr. |
| Office5: | Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives |
| Term Start5: | 1859 |
| Term End5: | 1859 |
| Office6: | Superintendent of Schools of Lawrence, Massachusetts |
| Term Start6: | 1857 |
| Term End6: | 1859 |
| Predecessor6: | A. Williams |
| Successor6: | George Packard |
| Office7: | Member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853 |
| Term Start7: | 1853 |
| Term End7: | 1853 |
| Profession: | Teacher, cotton merchant |
| Children: | Samuel Cook Oliver; Henry Kemble Oliver |
| Alma Mater: | Dartmouth College, Harvard |
| Signature: | Signature of Henry Kemble Oliver (1800–1885).png |
Henry Kemble Oliver (November 24, 1800 – August 12, 1885) was an American who served as the 5th Mayor of Lawrence, Massachusetts, the 21st Mayor of Salem, Massachusetts as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, the Adjutant General of Massachusetts, and as the 26th Treasurer of Massachusetts.
Oliver was born to Daniel and Elizabeth (Kemble) Oliver on November 24, 1800 in North Beverly, Massachusetts. Originally named Thomas Henry, Oliver's name was changed, by the legislature, in 1821 to that of his mother's brother who had died in 1802.
Oliver entered Phillips Academy, Andover in 1811 and Harvard College in the fall of 1814, however because Harvard was becoming overly Unitarian in its views and also more expensive, Oliver left Harvard after his sophomore year and transferred to Dartmouth College entering Dartmouth's Junior class in the fall of 1816. Oliver graduated from Dartmouth College. Oliver also received a degree Ad eundem from Harvard. At the age of 25, in 1825, Oliver joined the Unitarian church. The same year, he married Sally Cook, and they had seven children.[1]
In 1844 Oliver was appointed the Adjutant General of Massachusetts by Governor George N. Briggs.
He died at his home in Salem on August 12, 1885.[1]