Histone H3.1 Explained

Histone H3.1 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the H3C1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3.

Further reading

• Albig W, Kardalinou E, Drabent B, etal . Isolation and characterization of two human H1 histone genes within clusters of core histone genes . Genomics . 10 . 4 . 940–8 . 1991 . 1916825 . 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90183-F .
• Albig W, Doenecke D . The human histone gene cluster at the D6S105 locus . Hum. Genet. . 101 . 3 . 284–94 . 1998 . 9439656 . 10.1007/s004390050630 . 38539096 .
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional activation of the integrated chromatin-associated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Ahn J, Gruen JR . The genomic organization of the histone clusters on human 6p21.3 . Mamm. Genome . 10 . 7 . 768–70 . 1999 . 10384058 . 10.1007/s003359901089 . 28275496 .
• Rea S, Eisenhaber F, O'Carroll D, etal . Regulation of chromatin structure by site-specific histone H3 methyltransferases . Nature . 406 . 6796 . 593–9 . 2000 . 10949293 . 10.1038/35020506 . 2000Natur.406..593R . 205008015 .
• Hsu JY, Sun ZW, Li X, etal . Mitotic phosphorylation of histone H3 is governed by Ipl1/aurora kinase and Glc7/PP1 phosphatase in budding yeast and nematodes . Cell . 102 . 3 . 279–91 . 2000 . 10975519 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00034-9 . 16057773 . free .
• Deng L, de la Fuente C, Fu P, etal . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–95 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . free .
• Lachner M, O'Carroll D, Rea S, etal . Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins . Nature . 410 . 6824 . 116–20 . 2001 . 11242053 . 10.1038/35065132 . 2001Natur.410..116L . 4331863 .
• Deng L, Wang D, de la Fuente C, etal . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . free .
• Yang L, Xia L, Wu DY, etal . Molecular cloning of ESET, a novel histone H3-specific methyltransferase that interacts with ERG transcription factor . Oncogene . 21 . 1 . 148–52 . 2002 . 11791185 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1204998 . 10912876 .
• Nielsen PR, Nietlispach D, Mott HR, etal . Structure of the HP1 chromodomain bound to histone H3 methylated at lysine 9 . Nature . 416 . 6876 . 103–7 . 2002 . 11882902 . 10.1038/nature722 . 2002Natur.416..103N . 4423019 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Koessler H, Doenecke D, Albig W . Aberrant expression pattern of replication-dependent histone h3 subtype genes in human tumor cell lines . DNA Cell Biol. . 22 . 4 . 233–41 . 2003 . 12823900 . 10.1089/104454903321908629 .
• Coleman MA, Miller KA, Beernink PT, etal . Identification of chromatin-related protein interactions using protein microarrays . Proteomics . 3 . 11 . 2101–7 . 2004 . 14595808 . 10.1002/pmic.200300593 . 23471253 .
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M . Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter . EMBO J. . 22 . 24 . 6550–61 . 2004 . 14657027 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg631 . 291826 .
• Citterio E, Papait R, Nicassio F, etal . Np95 is a histone-binding protein endowed with ubiquitin ligase activity . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 24 . 6 . 2526–35 . 2004 . 14993289 . 10.1128/MCB.24.6.2526-2535.2004 . 355858 .

Notes and References

1. Albig W, Kioschis P, Poustka A, Meergans K, Doenecke D . Human histone gene organization: nonregular arrangement within a large cluster . Genomics . 40 . 2 . 314–22 . Apr 1997 . 9119399 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4592 .
2. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H3A histone cluster 1, H3a.