FlixBus explained

FlixBus (pronounced as /de/; styled FLiXBUS) is a German brand that offers low-cost intercity bus service in Europe, North America, South America, and Asia. It is owned by, which also operates FlixTrain, FlixCar, Kâmil Koç, and Greyhound Lines. FlixBus operates buses or, in many cases, just handles marketing, pricing, and customer service for a commission, on behalf of bus operators.^{[1] [2] [3]} In 2023, FlixBus had revenues of €2 billion and carried 81 million passengers of which 55 million were in Europe, 14 million were in Turkey, and 12 million were in North America.^[4]

History

FlixBus was founded in 2011 in Munich by Daniel Krauss, Jochen Engert and André Schwämmlein. They had met in university and began discussing the concept in 2009 after plans were made to deregulate the bus industry in Germany.^[5]

FlixBus launched its first three routes in February 2013 in Bavaria, Germany, to take advantage of Germany opening up its bus market to competition.^[6] In the following years, it added routes across Europe.^[7]

In April 2018, FlixBus was the first to use all-electric vehicles on a long distance bus route, between Paris La Défense and Amiens.^[8]

FlixBus expanded to the United States in 2018, first operating from Los Angeles,^[9] then expanding to the East Coast in 2019 through a partnership with Eastern Bus.^[10] FlixBus also launched service in Brazil in 2021,^[11] Canada in 2022,^{[12] [13] [14]} Chile in 2023, and India in 2024.^[15]

In April 2022, the company converted from a GmbH structure to an SE structure and was renamed Flix SE.^[16]

On 13 November 2024 at the Euro Bus Expo at the National Exhibition Centre, an announcement was made regarding a new partnership between FlixBus and Derbyshire-based bus operator Trentbarton.^[17]

Financing history - parent company, Flix SE

In 2013, the company received equity financing from Mercedes-Benz Group and the Technical University of Munich.^[5]

In July 2019, the company raised €500 million in a Series F financing round led by TCV and Permira, valuing the company at over €2 billion.^[18]

In June 2021, FlixMobility GmbH raised $650 million in a Series G financing round at a valuation of US$3 billion from investors including General Atlantic, Permira, TCV, HV Capital, BlackRock, Baillie Gifford, and SilverLake.^[19]

In July 2024, EQT AB and Kuehne + Nagel acquired a 35% stake in the company for €1 billion.^{[20] [21]}

Acquisitions

	Date	Company	Seller	Notes	Ref(s).
1		MeinFernbus		Received investment from General Atlantic	[22]
2		LIINITA		Provider of trips of up to 15 kilometers	[23]
3		Megabus Europe	Stagecoach Group	Stagecoach became an operating partner	[24]
4		Postbus	Deutsche Post	German bus lines	[25]
5		Hellö coach network	Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB)	Austrian bus lines	[26]
6		Swebus Express	Nobina	Swedish bus lines	[27]
7		Eurolines and Isilines	Transdev	Acquisition of Eurolines operating businesses including France, The Netherlands, Belgium, Czech Republic and Spain and excluding Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ireland, Switzerland and Serbia	[28] [29]
8		Kâmil Koç	Private equity firm Actera Group	Turkish bus lines	[30]
9		Greyhound Lines	FirstGroup	U.S. bus lines; price was $78 million	[31] [32] [33] [34] [35]

Accidents

• In May 2017, the driver of a double-decker bus outside Berlin, Germany, attempted to drive under a bridge with insufficient clearance, completely ripping off its roof. No passengers were on board.^[36]
• In May 2018, a bus rolled and crashed near Udine, Italy. There were 43 people on board, of whom 26 were injured.^[37]
• In August 2018, a bus traveling from Stockholm to Berlin crashed in Germany after veering off a highway, seriously injuring sixteen passengers.^{[38] [39]}
• In December 2018, a bus crashed on a motorway near Zurich, Switzerland, killing two people including the driver.^[40]
• In May 2019, a bus crashed in Germany. At least three passengers were seriously injured. Initial police findings were that the bus driver was not at fault for the accident.^[41]
• In May 2019, a bus rolled and crashed into a road safety barrier in Germany. One person was killed and 60 were injured. The local police found early indications the driver had fallen asleep.^[42]
• In October 2019, a bus rolled and crashed near Bizanet, France. One person was killed and 17 were injured.^[43]
• In November 2019, a bus rolled and crashed near Amiens, France, injuring more than 30 people.^[44]
• In February 2023, an Uber Eats bicycle courier was struck and killed by a Flixbus coach in Brussels, Belgium.^[45] Two months after the incident, the government and FlixBus were criticized for not moving the bus stop away from the bike lane.^[46]
• In June 2023, a bus crashed in Avellino, Italy, when it swerved to avoid another car, resulting in one death and injuries to 26 passengers. The company was criticized by a passenger for the lack of support offered after the incident.^{[47] [48]}
• In July 2023, a bus crashed into another bus in the Czech Republic, killing one of the drivers and injuring 76 people.^[49]
• In September 2023, a 19-year-old Austrian woman died after the bus overturned near Micheldorf, Austria, injuring 20 people.^[50]
• In December 2023, an overcrowded Flixbus from Vienna, Austria to Kyiv, Ukraine overturned in Trebišov district of the Košice region of Slovakia, injuring 9 passengers.^[51]
• On 5 January 2024, one person died and 11 others were injured in NY State, USA, after a Flixbus that was bound for New York City from Montreal, Canada, rolled over on Interstate 87.^[52]
• On 24 March 2024, one person died in Italy after a Flixbus travelling between Milan and Rome crashed close to Modena.^[53]
• On 27 March 2024, five people died and 20 others were injured when a Flixbus crashed near Leipzig, Germany, after veering off a highway bound for Zürich from Berlin.^[54]
• On 7 November 2024, around 7:10am, a Flixbus operated by Tribal Sun Bus LLC left the roadway and rolled over on I-490 just west of Rochester, NY. All 28 passengers injured and transported, one critical patient died at the hospital that night.^[55] The bus left New York City around midnight, bound for Niagara Falls. The driver received tickets including fatigued driving, excessive speed, unsafe lane change, and no seatbelt. ^{[56] [57]}

Controversies

Working conditions for drivers in Germany

In 2016, FlixBus was accused by a German government agency of forcing its partners to make drivers work excessive hours at low wages.^[58]

Use of infrastructure without toll payments in Germany

Unlike train services and trucks, buses do not pay any road toll in Germany; this was criticized as a "hidden subsidy" by some German politicians in the spring of 2015.^[59] bdo, an association of German bus companies, responded that buses pay for infrastructure use in the form of related taxes (on fuel, for example) while billions in subsidies are paid to national rail provider Deutsche Bahn.^[60]

Dominant market share in Germany

In August 2016, following the acquisition of Postbus, FlixBus had control of roughly 80% of the German long-distance bus market, a move criticised by various media outlets as a de facto monopoly and harmful to competition. It was also suggested at the time that FlixBus' control of the market could lead to higher prices and less service to smaller destinations.^{[61] [62] [63]}

Buses inaccessible for wheelchair users in California

On 14 May 2020, the Disability Rights Legal Center (DRLC) filed a federal class action lawsuit in a California U.S. District Court against FlixBus and other bus operators alleging that buses were inaccessible for wheelchair users and staff was untrained on how to accommodate wheelchair users.^[64]

Tribal Sun Bus LLC - Conditional Safety Record

Tribal Sun Bus LLC (Rockland, MA) operates buses under the Flixbus brand. As of 6 November 2024, the FMCSA SAFER system reported 6 crashes in the last 24 months (starting 6 November 2022.) 1 fatal, 3 injury, and 2 towable. ^[65] In FMCSA SMS, Out of 77 driver inspections in 2 years, 21 had Hours of Service (HOS) violations. ^[66] Prior to a rollover accident on 7 November 2024,^[56] the FMCSA listed a Carrier Safety Rating^[67] of "Conditional; Records indicate that the carrier was out of compliance with one or more safety requirements." ^[68]

Notes and References

1. News: Flixbus aims 'to make coach travelling cool again' . Mark . Wembridge . . 6 June 2019 . 19 June 2019 . 28 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201028142740/https://www.ft.com/content/1d25b874-86b5-11e9-a028-86cea8523dc2 . live .
2. Web site: Bus Partners . FlixBus . 21 January 2020 . 21 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191221234355/https://global.flixbus.com/company/partners/buspartners . live .
3. News: European FlixBus brings tech-driven bus network to L.A. . Annlee . Ellingson . . 15 May 2018.
4. Another record year: Flix reports EUR 2 billion total revenue in 2023 . Flix SE . 7 March 2024.
5. Web site: FlixMobility . . de . 12 September 2024 . 21 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240521212555/https://www.unternehmertum.de/start-ups/flixmobility . live .
6. News: How Flixbus conquered the European coach market . . 10 May 2018 . subscription . 9 September 2019 . 6 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201106232713/https://www.economist.com/business/2018/05/10/how-flixbus-conquered-the-european-coach-market . live .
7. News: German bus firm Flixbus opens new Vaasa to Warsaw route . . 18 July 2023.
8. News: Europe's FlixBus inaugurates 1st 100% electric long-distance bus line . . 12 April 2018 . 12 September 2024 . 12 September 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240912122817/https://www.metro-magazine.com/10032856/europes-flixbus-inaugurates-1st-100-electric-long-distance-bus-line . live .
9. News: Germany's data-driven FlixBus launches in the U.S. to make bus travel cool again . Chris . O'Brien . . 15 May 2018 . 16 May 2018 . 9 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201109013147/https://venturebeat.com/2018/05/15/germanys-data-driven-flixbus-launches-in-the-u-s-to-make-bus-travel-cool-again/ . live .
10. News: How Greyhound, Coach USA sales will impact intercity bus lines . Joseph . Schwieterman . Brian . Antolin . . 11 July 2019 . 9 September 2019 . 14 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191214181929/https://www.metro-magazine.com/motorcoach/article/734779/how-greyhound-coach-usa-sales-will-impact-intercity-bus-lines . live .
11. News: Flixbus starts up in Brazil . . 12 January 2022.
12. News: Dunne . James . Giant German bus company hits the highway in Canada . . 8 April 2022 . 10 April 2022 . 10 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220410032035/https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/flixbus-bus-service-ontario-market-1.6412670 . live .
13. News: FlixBus launches new bus service between Vancouver and Seattle . Cheryl . Chan . . 24 May 2022.
14. News: FlixBus: Vancouver to Seattle bus service launches in June with $18 fares . Kenneth . Chan . . 27 May 2022 . 18 July 2023 . 18 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230718171645/https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/vancouver-seattle-bus-route-flixbus-route-service . live .
15. News: Massive step as Flix launches in India . Bus & Coach Buyer . 1 February 2024.
16. News: Flixbus parent company is now called Flix . Startbase . 20 April 2022.
17. News: Render . Stuart . Trentbarton is latest partner operator for FlixBus services . 16 November 2024 . routeone . 15 November 2024.
18. News: Transport app FlixMobility gets Germany's biggest tech funding round to drive growth . Douglas . Busvine . Alexander . Hübner . Arno . Schuetze . . 18 July 2019 . 12 September 2024 . 12 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230712063534/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tech-flixbus/transport-app-flixmobility-gets-germanys-biggest-tech-funding-round-to-drive-growth-idUSKCN1UD2IJ . live .
19. News: FlixMobility raises $650M+ at a $3B valuation to double down on buses and other transport in the US . Ingrid . Lunden . . 2 June 2021 . 12 September 2024 . 12 September 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240912122816/https://techcrunch.com/2021/06/02/flixmobility-raises-650m-at-a-3b-valuation-to-double-down-on-buses-and-other-transport-in-the-us/ . live .
20. EQT and Kühne Holding invest in Flix, the global travel company . . 4 July 2024.
21. News: EQT, German Tycoon Buy €1 Billion Stake in Greyhound Owner Flix . . 4 July 2024.
22. MeinFernbus and FlixBus Become One . . 17 January 2015 . 18 July 2023 . 28 September 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230928152224/https://www.generalatlantic.com/media-article/meinfernbus-flixbus-become-one-aim-establish-europe-wide-bus-network/ . live .
23. Web site: FlixBus Acquires LIINITA . Mergr . 26 May 2024 . 26 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240526105331/https://mergr.com/flix-se-acquires-liinita . live .
24. Megabus Europe retail operations sold to FlixBus . CBW . 4 July 2016 . 18 July 2023 . 22 September 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230922023222/https://cbwmagazine.com/megabus-europe-retail-operations-sold-flixbus/ . live .
25. News: Deutsche Post sells long-distance bus unit, confirms 2016 targets . . . 3 August 2016 . 18 July 2023 . 18 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230718171649/https://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/03/deutsche-post-sells-long-distance-bus-unit-confirms-2016-targets.html . live .
26. News: Flixbus buys out Austria's Hellö . . 15 June 2017 . 12 September 2024 . 12 September 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240912122819/https://www.keybuses.com/article/flixbus-buys-out-austrias-hello . live .
27. Nobina divests express bus operations . . 2 May 2018 . 26 May 2024 . 26 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240526105331/https://www.nobina.com/media/press-releases/2018/nobina-divests-express-bus-operations/ . live .
28. Negotiations successfully completed: FlixBus buys Eurolines/isilines from Transdev Group . . 2 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190613060440/https://www.transdev.com/en/press-release/flixbus-buys-eurolines-isilines/ . 13 June 2019 . live.
29. News: FlixBus, the German Uber-like bus service, is buying rival . Ingrid . Lundgren . . 4 March 2019 . 9 September 2019 . 30 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201130184447/https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/04/flixbus-the-german-uber-like-bus-service-is-buying-rival-eurolines-from-transdev/ . live .
30. News: German FlixBus moves to acquire prominent Turkish bus company Kamil Koç . . 21 August 2019 . 28 January 2021 . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509192022/https://www.dailysabah.com/tourism/2019/08/21/german-flixbus-moves-to-acquire-prominent-turkish-bus-company-kamil-koc . live .
31. News: Germany's FlixMobility acquires Greyhound Lines, the iconic . Ingrid . Lunden . . 21 October 2021 . 14 January 2022 . 14 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114034028/https://techcrunch.com/2021/10/21/germanys-flixmobility-acquires-greyhound-lines-the-iconic-u-s-bus-company-in-78m-deal/ . live .
32. News: Germany's Flixbus acquires US Greyhound bus company . . 21 October 2021 . 14 January 2022 . 14 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114033142/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-flixbus-acquires-us-greyhound-bus-company/a-59572295 . live .
33. News: FlixBus owner hitches ride with Greyhound as FirstGroup exits . . 21 October 2021 . 23 October 2021 . 23 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211023144856/https://www.reuters.com/business/flixbus-owner-hitches-ride-with-greyhound-firstgroup-exits-2021-10-21/ . live .
34. News: Dallas-based Greyhound sells to Europe's largest long-distance bus network . Paul . O'Donnell . Natalie . Walters . . 21 October 2021 . subscription . 14 January 2022 . 14 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114033130/https://www.dallasnews.com/business/local-companies/2021/10/21/dallas-based-greyhound-sells-to-europes-largest-long-distance-bus-network/ . live .
35. News: FlixBus owner hitches ride with Greyhound as FirstGroup exits . . 21 October 2021 . 23 October 2021 . 23 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211023144856/https://www.reuters.com/business/flixbus-owner-hitches-ride-with-greyhound-firstgroup-exits-2021-10-21/ . live .
36. News: Flixbus roof sheared off by bridge . . 12 May 2017 . 9 August 2023 . 23 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240723050438/https://www.dw.com/en/flixbus-roof-completely-torn-off-by-bridge-outside-berlin/a-41651427 . live .
37. News: Bus della Flixbus si ribalta sull'A4 in provincia di Udine: 26 feriti, uno grave . Paola . Treppo . . 19 May 2018 . 12 June 2023 . 24 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324095718/https://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/cronaca/corriera_flixbus_si_ribalta_lungo_autostrada_a4_26_feriti-3742299.html . live .
38. News: Several injured in mystery Flixbus crash . . 17 August 2018 . 27 July 2023 . 27 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230727131007/https://www.dw.com/en/long-distance-flixbus-crashes-in-germany-several-injured/a-45121236 . live .
39. News: Update: 16 injured after Flixbus travelling from Stockholm to Berlin tips over in crash . . 17 August 2018 . 27 July 2023 . 27 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230727131012/https://www.thelocal.dk/20180817/several-injured-after . live .
40. News: Zurich coach accident claims second victim . . 2 January 2019 . 27 July 2023 . 27 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230727131048/https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/society/flixbus_zurich-coach-accident-claims-second-victim/44654244 . live .
41. News: Drei Schwerverletzte Zwei Flixbus-Unfälle in einer Nacht . . 5 June 2019 . de-DE.
42. News: One dead, many injured in German Flixbus crash . . 20 May 2019 . 27 July 2023 . 27 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230727130857/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-flixbus-crash-kills-one-many-more-seriously-injured/a-48799140 . live .
43. News: Un mort et 17 blessés, dont un grave, dans un accident de car Flixbus dans l'Aude . One dead and 17 injured, including one seriously, in a Flixbus bus accident in Aude . . 6 October 2019 . fr-FR.
44. News: Dozens injured in France Flixbus bus crash . . 3 November 2019 . 12 June 2023 . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509013245/https://www.dw.com/en/dozens-injured-in-france-flixbus-bus-crash/a-51098542 . live .
45. Web site: Ro.Ma . Près de trois mois après le décès de Sultan, livreur percuté par un Flixbus, des poteaux sont installés boulevard Albert II, proche de la Gare du Nord . . 24 February 2024 . fr.
46. News: 'Twee maanden na dood fietskoerier nog niks veranderd' . . 16 April 2023 . nl.
47. News: Australian involved in fatal Italian bus crash says company offered $16 meal voucher . Michael . Doyle . . 5 June 2023.
48. News: Flixbus passengers offered just €10 meal voucher after fatal bus crash . Benjamin . Parker . . 5 June 2023 . 19 July 2023 . 19 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230719071416/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/flixbus-passengers-meal-voucher-bus-crash-b2351594.html . live .
49. News: 1 dead and 76 injured in a bus crash on a major highway in southeastern Czech Republic . . 17 July 2023 . 27 July 2023 . 9 September 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230909120445/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/1-dead-50-injured-bus-crash-major-highway-101341117 . live .
50. News: One dead and 20 injured after Flixbus travelling from Berlin overturns in Austria . . 19 September 2023 . 23 September 2023 . 28 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240328163449/https://www.thelocal.de/20230919/one-dead-and-20-injured-after-flixbus-travelling-from-berlin-overturns-in-austria . live .
51. News: Lisnychuk . Maryna . 17 December 2023 . An overcrowded bus from Ukraine overturns in Slovakia: children are among the victims. . . 17 December 2023 . 16 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240416213820/https://eng.obozrevatel.com/section-world/news-an-overcrowded-bus-from-ukraine-overturns-in-slovakia-children-are-among-the-victims-photo-17-12-2023.html . live .
52. News: Olson . Issac . 5 January 2024 . 1 dead, 11 injured after bus coming from Montreal crashes in New York's Adirondacks . . 7 January 2024 . 19 January 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240119180134/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/montreal-bus-crash-new-york-1.7076064 . live .
53. News: Milan, the Flixbus accidente heading to Rome:here's who the victim is, Vindou Illumine . Italy 24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240328085816/https://news.italy24.press/trends/1402972.html . 28 March 2024 . live.
54. Web site: Langner . Markus . Proft . Johannes . Keim . Karl . Meinfelder . Laura . Fischer . Thomas . 27 March 2024 . A9 bei Leipzig: Fünf Tote und 20 Verletzte bei Flixbus-Unfall . . 27 March 2024 . 18 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240718232829/https://www.bild.de/regional/leipzig/leipzig-news/unfall-auf-a9-in-sachsen-16-verletzte-bei-bus-unglueck-nahe-leipzig-87667028.bild.html . live .
55. Web site: Bourtis . Evan . 2024-11-07 . Passenger on bus that crashed on I-490, injuring over 20 people, has died . 2024-11-09 . WHEC.com . en-US.
56. Web site: Staff . Christian Garzone, Tyler Diedrich & WHAM . 7 November 2024 . 'It was surreal': 28 injured, 1 critically, in tour bus crash on 490 . 8 November 2024 . WHAM . en.
57. Web site: Bourtis . Evan . 7 November 2024 . Bus crash on I-490 injures 28 people, 1 critically . 8 November 2024 . WHEC.com . en-US.
58. Web site: Einhaltung der Sozialvorschriften im Straßenverkehr und der Arbeitszeiten bei Fernlinienbusunternehmen ... . . 9 August 2016 . de-DE.
59. News: Verkehrsminister fordern Maut für Fernbusse . Transport ministers call for tolls for long-distance buses . . 14 April 2016 . de-DE . 14 January 2022 . 14 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114042042/https://www.zeit.de/mobilitaet/2016-04/fernbus-maut-verkehr-forderung-reisebusse . live .
60. Web site: bdo weist Forderungen nach einer Fernbusmaut zurück . bdo rejects calls for a long-distance bus toll . www.bdo.org . 18 April 2015 . de-DE.
61. News: Flixbus schluckt Postbus: Die Fernbuskrake . The long-distance bus cracks . Ingo . Arzt . . 3 August 2016 . de-DE.
62. News: Flixbus kauft Postbus: Was die Fernbusfusion für Fahrgäste bedeutet . Christin . Jahns . Stefan . Schultz . What the long-distance bus merger means for passengers . . 3 August 2016 . de-DE.
63. News: Das bedeutet das neue Fernbus-Monopol für Kunden . Nikolaus . Doll . That means the new long-distance bus monopoly for customers . . 3 August 2016 . de-DE . 7 March 2017 . 2 October 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161002092002/https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article157466777/Das-bedeutet-das-neue-Fernbus-Monopol-fuer-Kunden.html . live .
64. Web site: Class Action Lawsuit Alleges "Discrimination and Humiliation" by FlixBus Passengers with Disabilities Repeatedly Denied Accessible Vehicles . Disability Rights Legal Center . 14 May 2020 . 26 September 2022 . 26 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220926174110/https://thedrlc.org/blog/2020/05/14/class-action-lawsuit-alleges-discrimination-and-humiliation-by-flixbus-passengers-with-disabilities-repeatedly-denied-accessible-vehicles/ . live .
65. Web site: 6 November 2024 . FMCSA SAFER Web . 7 November 2024 . FMCSA SAFER Web.
66. Web site: 6 November 2024 . Safety Measurement System - HOS Compliance - Tribal Sun Bus LLC . 8 November 2024 . ai.fmcsa.dot.gov.
67. Web site: 6 November 2024 . FMCSA Carrier Safety Rating . 7 November 2024 . FMCSA SAFER . 8 October 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20241008210740/https://safer.fmcsa.dot.gov/saferhelp.aspx#SafetyRating . live .
68. Web site: Rose . Lowell . 7 November 2024 . Records reveal string of violations by company of tour bus that crashed on 490 . 8 November 2024 . WHAM . en.