Eastern Mansi Explained

Eastern Mansi
Nativename:маньсь лынгх
маньсь нялм[1] [2]
маньсь не̄лм ляӈх / лях[3]
Pronunciation:pronounced as /[mɒnʲsʲ lʲɘŋx]/, pronounced as /[mɒnʲsʲ nʲæləm]/
States:Russia
Region:Khanty–Mansi
Extinct:2018, with the death of Maksim Šivtorov
Familycolor:Uralic
Fam2:(Finno-Ugric ?)
Fam3:(Ugric ?)
Fam4:(Ob-Ugric ?)
Fam5:Mansi
Dia1:Konda (Middle/Lower/Upper)
Dia2:Yukonda
Isoexception:dialect
Glotto:east2879
Glottorefname:Mansic
Notice:IPA
Elp:8530
Elpname:Eastern Mansi
Map:6.2-East-Mansi.png
Mapcaption:Traditional distribution and current Mansi settlements[4] [5]
Map2:Lang Status 01-EX.svg

Eastern or Konda Mansi is an extinct member of the Mansi languages, and was spoken in Russia in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug around the river Konda. It became extinct in 2018, when its last speaker Maksim Shivtorov (Максим Семенович Шивторов) died.[6] It has Khanty and Siberian Tatar influence. There is vowel harmony, and for pronounced as /

/ it has pronounced as /link/, frequently diphthongized.

In Russian linguistics, the Konda dialect used to be called the "southern Mansi (Kondinsky) dialect" (ru|южно-мансийский (кондинский) диалект[7]) or "eastern Mansi dialect group" (ru|восточная группа диалектов).

Alphabet

See main article: Mansi alphabets. In the few instances that Eastern Mansi literature was printed and was from the native areas, it used an unchanged Russian-Cyrillic script like this:

The highlighted letters are found in loanwords, except нг which represents a single nasal consonant[8] and г is substituted with the letter й in some dialects

style=«width:3em;» А аstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Б бstyle=«width:3em;» В вstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Г гstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Д дstyle=«width:3em;» Е еstyle=«width:3em;» Ё ё
style=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Ж жstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» З зstyle=«width:3em;» И иstyle=«width:3em;» Й йstyle=«width:3em;» К кstyle=«width:3em;» Л лstyle=«width:3em;» М м
style=«width:3em;» Н нstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Нг нгstyle=«width:3em;» О оstyle=«width:3em;» П пstyle=«width:3em;» Р рstyle=«width:3em;» С сstyle=«width:3em;» Т т
style=«width:3em;» У уstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Ф фstyle=«width:3em;» Х хstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Ц цstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Ч чstyle=«width:3em bgcolor="#EDEDFF";» Ш шstyle=«width:3em;» Щ щ
style=«width:3em;» Ъ ъstyle=«width:3em;» Ы ыstyle=«width:3em;» Ь ьstyle=«width:3em;» Э эstyle=«width:3em;» Ю юstyle=«width:3em;» Я я

Dialects

Phonology

Consonants

Eastern Mansi consonants[9]
LabialAlveolar(Alveolo-)
Palatal		Velar
Nasalspronounced as //m//
м		pronounced as //n//
н		pronounced as //nʲ//
нь		pronounced as //ŋ//1
нг3
Stopspronounced as //p//
п		pronounced as //t//
т		pronounced as //tʲ//
ть		pronounced as //k//
к		pronounced as //kʷ//
кв
Affricatepronounced as //sʲ//
сь
Fricativesvoicelesspronounced as //s//
с		pronounced as //x//2
х 		pronounced as //xʷ//2
хв
voicedpronounced as //ɣ//1
г
Semivowelspronounced as //j//
й		pronounced as //w//
в
Lateralspronounced as //l//
л		pronounced as //lʲ//
ль
Trillpronounced as //r//
р
Some remarks:
  1. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear at the beginning of words.
  2. In Middle Konda it does not appear in the beginning of words, but in Lower Konda it does.
  3. /ŋ/ is also spelled with just н if it comes before к or х. This rule does not include suffixes; like in мынгым /mənɣəm/

Vowels

! colspan="2"
FrontCentralBack
Closepronounced as /ink/ K 1pronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ K 3pronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ K 3
Close-midpronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ KMpronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ K 3
Midpronounced as /ink/ ~ pronounced as /ink/
pronounced as /ink/K 2 3		pronounced as /link/ K(pronounced as /ink/) K
Near-openpronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ K
Openpronounced as /ink/, pronounced as /ink/ K 4pronounced as /ink/ ~ pronounced as /ink/ K
(KM=Present in Middle Konda | KU=Present in Lower Konda | K=Present in both)

Some remarks:

  1. Only present in palatal environments.
  2. It has the allophone /iː/.
  3. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear in non-initial syllable positions.
  4. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do /aː/ appear in first syllable positions.

Diphthongs

In Middle Konda, the diphthongs are /øæ/ or /øæ̯/ and /oɒ/ found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.

In Lower Konda, the /æø/ diphthong is usually realized as [œ] which is only found in first syllable positions, while /øæ/ is found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.

Notes

  1. Dictionary of dialect of Mansi, Lingvodoc 3.0 https://lingvodoc.ispras.ru/dictionary/657/3/perspective/657/4/view?page=2
  2. both mean 'Mansi language'
  3. Book: Кузакова, Евдокия Александровна. Словарь манси (востокный диалект) . 1994 . Moskwa . 160 . ru . Mansi dictionary (eastern dialect).
  4. Rantanen . Timo . Tolvanen . Harri . Roose . Meeli . Ylikoski . Jussi . Vesakoski . Outi . 2022-06-08 . Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic . PLOS ONE . en . 17 . 6 . e0269648 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0269648. free . 35675367 . 9176854 . 2022PLoSO..1769648R .
  5. Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021). Geographical database of the Uralic languages (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188
  6. Book: Salminen, Tapani . Demography, endangerment, and revitalization . The Uralic languages . 2023 . Routledge . 978-1-138-65084-8 . Abondolo . Daniel Mario . 2nd . Routledge Language Family . London New York . Valijärvi . Riitta-Liisa. 102.
  7. Кузакова Е.А. Южно-мансийский (кондинский) диалект.: автореф. на соискат уч. степ. канд. филол. н. Л., 1963. (in Russian)
  8. Кузакова, Евдокия Александровна, Мансийско-русский словарь. Кондинский диалект мансийского языка [Kuzakova, Evdokiya Aleksandrovna, Mansi-Russian dictionary (Kondinsky dialect of the Mansi language)], Based on the story by P. K. Cheymetov “Ворыяп хумый” (“Two Hunters”) page 36
  9. Ob-Ugric database of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany; Phonology of Eastern Mansi http://www.babel.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/index.php?abfrage=EM_PH&head1=Eastern%20Mansi&head2=Phonology%20&%20Transliteration

References

  1. Dictionary of dialect of Mansi, Lingvodoc 3.0 https://lingvodoc.ispras.ru/dictionary/657/3/perspective/657/4/view?page=2
  2. both mean 'Mansi language'
  3. Book: Кузакова, Евдокия Александровна. Словарь манси (востокный диалект) . 1994 . Moskwa . 160 . ru . Mansi dictionary (eastern dialect).
  4. Rantanen . Timo . Tolvanen . Harri . Roose . Meeli . Ylikoski . Jussi . Vesakoski . Outi . 2022-06-08 . Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic . PLOS ONE . en . 17 . 6 . e0269648 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0269648. free . 35675367 . 9176854 . 2022PLoSO..1769648R .
  5. Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021). Geographical database of the Uralic languages (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188
  6. Book: Salminen, Tapani . Demography, endangerment, and revitalization . The Uralic languages . 2023 . Routledge . 978-1-138-65084-8 . Abondolo . Daniel Mario . 2nd . Routledge Language Family . London New York . Valijärvi . Riitta-Liisa. 102.
  7. Кузакова Е.А. Южно-мансийский (кондинский) диалект.: автореф. на соискат уч. степ. канд. филол. н. Л., 1963. (in Russian)
  8. Кузакова, Евдокия Александровна, Мансийско-русский словарь. Кондинский диалект мансийского языка [Kuzakova, Evdokiya Aleksandrovna, Mansi-Russian dictionary (Kondinsky dialect of the Mansi language)], Based on the story by P. K. Cheymetov “Ворыяп хумый” (“Two Hunters”) page 36
  9. Ob-Ugric database of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany; Phonology of Eastern Mansi http://www.babel.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/index.php?abfrage=EM_PH&head1=Eastern%20Mansi&head2=Phonology%20&%20Transliteration

Sources

Further reading

Translation of the Gospel of Matthew into the Konda Mansi dialect

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