Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. lapponica explained

Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. lapponica (synonym Dactylorhiza lapponica), the Lapland marsh-orchid, is an orchid native to parts of Europe and Siberia, including the Pyrenees, Alps, and Carpathians and across middle Europe, Scandinavia, and European Russia ^{[1] [2] [3]}

The subspecies grows on calcareous soils, including fens and areas with mobile groundwater. It is pollinated by bumblebees.^[4]

It was originally published and described by Lars Levi Laestadius and Carl Johan Hartman as Orchis angustifolia var. lapponica in Handb. Skand. Fl., edition 4 on page 281 in 1843,^[5] but it was then re-named as Dactylorhiza lapponica in Nom. Nov. Gen. Dactylorhiza Vol.5 in 1962.^[6]

The naming of species and subspecies in genus Dactylorhiza has gone through many revisions over the decades,^[4] and D. majalis subsp. lapponica has over 170 synonyms. Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, the narrow-leaved marsh orchid or Traunsteiner's dactylorhiza,^{[7] [8]} is now considered a synonym. Plants identified as D. traunsteineri in Britain and Ireland are now considered to be Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. traunsteinerioides,^[9] a view supported by genetic data.

The plant has been studied for In vitro seed germination.^[10]

Notes and References

1. Griebl, N. (2008). Vorkommen und verbreitung der gattung Dactylorhiza in Österreich. Berichte aus den arbeitskreisen heimische orchideen 25(2): 80-118.
2. Batousek, P. (2011). Orchideenneuigkeiten aus der Tschechischen Republik. Journal Europäischer Orchideen 43: 161-174.
3. Hedrén, M., Nordström, S. & Bateman, R.M. (2011). Plastid and nuclear DNA marker data support the recognition of four tetraploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza majalis s.l., Orchidaceae) in Britain and Ireland, but require their recircumscription. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 104: 107-128.
4. Mikael Hedrén, Sofie Nordström Olofsson, Ovidiu Paun, Orchid colonization: multiple parallel dispersal events and mosaic genetic structure in Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. lapponica on the Baltic island of Gotland, Annals of Botany, Volume 122, Issue 6, 2 November 2018, Pages 1019–1032, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcy111
5. Web site: Orchis angustifolia var. lapponica Laest. ex Hartm., Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 4: 281 (1843). . science.kew.org . 28 June 2020.
6. Web site: Dactylorhiza lapponica International Plant Names Index . www.ipni.org . 28 June 2020.
7. Griebl, N. (2008). Vorkommen und verbreitung der gattung Dactylorhiza in Österreich. Berichte aus den arbeitskreisen heimische orchideen 25(2): 80-118.
8. http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=dactylorhiza+traunsteineri Altervista Flora Italiana, Orchide di Traunsteiner, Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex Rchb.) Soó
9. , p. 876
10. Øien . Dag-Inge . O'Neill . John P. . Whigham . Dennis F. . McCormick . Melissa K. . Germination Ecology of the Boreal-Alpine Terrestrial Orchid Dactylorhiza lapponica (Orchidaceae) . Annales Botanici Fennici . 1 June 2008 . 45 . 3 . 161–172 . 10.5735/085.045.0301. 34498012 .