DHRSX explained

Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) X-linked also known as DHRSX is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the pseudoautosomal DHRSX gene.^[1] DHRSX is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase family of oxidoreductase enzymes.^[2]

DHRSX is required for two steps in the biosynthesis of dolichol: i) the NAD⁺-dependent conversion of polyprenol to its aldehyde analogue, polyprenal; ii) the NADPH-dependent reduction of dolichal to dolichol.^[3] Dolichol is a long polyisoprenoid lipid required as the carrier of mono- and oligosaccharides in the processes of N-glycosylation, C-/O-mannosylation and the formation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors.

Further reading

• Oh JH, Yang JO, Hahn Y, Kim MR, Byun SS, Jeon YJ, Kim JM, Song KS, Noh SM, Kim S, Yoo HS, Kim YS, Kim NS . Transcriptome analysis of human gastric cancer . Mammalian Genome . 16 . 12 . 942–954 . December 2005 . 16341674 . 10.1007/s00335-005-0075-2 . 69278 .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment . Genome Research . 13 . 10 . 2265–2270 . October 2003 . 12975309 . 403697 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 .
• Barbe L, Lundberg E, Oksvold P, Stenius A, Lewin E, Björling E, Asplund A, Pontén F, Brismar H, Uhlén M, Andersson-Svahn H . Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome . Molecular & Cellular Proteomics . 7 . 3 . 499–508 . March 2008 . 18029348 . 10.1074/mcp.M700325-MCP200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Gianfrancesco F, Sanges R, Esposito T, Tempesta S, Rao E, Rappold G, Archidiacono N, Graves JA, Forabosco A, D'Urso M . Differential divergence of three human pseudoautosomal genes and their mouse homologs: implications for sex chromosome evolution . Genome Research . 11 . 12 . 2095–2100 . December 2001 . 11731500 . 311231 . 10.1101/gr.197001 .
2. Persson B, Kallberg Y, Bray JE, Bruford E, Dellaporta SL, Favia AD, Duarte RG, Jörnvall H, Kavanagh KL, Kedishvili N, Kisiela M, Maser E, Mindnich R, Orchard S, Penning TM, Thornton JM, Adamski J, Oppermann U . The SDR (short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase and related enzymes) nomenclature initiative . Chemico-Biological Interactions . 178 . 1–3 . 94–98 . March 2009 . 19027726 . 2896744 . 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.10.040 . 2009CBI...178...94P .
3. Wilson MP, Kentache T, Althoff CR, Schulz C, de Bettignies G, Mateu Cabrera G, Cimbalistiene L, Burnyte B, Yoon G, Costain G, Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Cheillan D, Rymen D, Rychtarova L, Hansikova H, Bury M, Dewulf JP, Caligiore F, Jaeken J, Cantagrel V, Van Schaftingen E, Matthijs G, Foulquier F, Bommer GT . A pseudoautosomal glycosylation disorder prompts the revision of dolichol biosynthesis . Cell . 187 . 14 . 3585–3601.e22 . July 2024 . 38821050 . 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.041 . 11250103 .