Crown Prince Hyoryeong Explained

Crown Prince Hyoryeong should not be confused with Grand Prince Hyoryeong.

Crown Prince Hyoryeong (; born 4 June 1149), personal name Wang Ki was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the first and oldest son of King Uijong and Queen Janggyeong^[1] who was later deposed from his position alongside his father by Chŏng Chung-bu and Yi Ŭi-bang in 1170.

Biography

Early life and background

Born on 4 June 1149 with the childhood name of Wang Hong and personal name of Wang Ki, he was the only son of King Uijong and Queen Janggyeong.^[2]

Through his father, both of King Myeongjong and Sinjong were his uncle and both of their sons (Gangjong and Huijong) were Ki's first cousins. Meanwhile, since Queen Uijeong (Myeongjong's wife) and Queen Seonjeong (Sinjong's wife) were his mother's younger sisters, so they became both his paternal aunt-in-law and maternal aunt, same with Myeongjong and Sinjong who would become both his paternal uncle and maternal uncle-in-law.^[3]

Palace life and marriage

On May 15, 1153, the four-year-old Wang Ki formally became the crown prince.^[4] Then, Im Kŭk-ch'ung (임극충; brother of Queen Gongye) was chosen as the prince's teacher in 1155^[5] and a year later, Kim Chon-jung was appointed as the junior guardian of the heir apparent ^[6] alongside Yi Chi-mu who was also appointed as the grand guardian of the heir apparent .^[7]

In 1162, Ki performed a gwannye ^[8] and in 1168, he received the daughter of Duke Gangyang and Princess Deoknyeong as his Princess consort.^[9] Together, they had a son.

Princess Deoknyeong (his mother-in-law) was the second daughter of his grandfather, King Injong, so she was initially his aunt. Meanwhile, Duke Gangyang (his father-in-law) was the only son of Duke Daewon, the fifth son of King Sukjong who was Injong's grandfather. Through Duke Gangyang, Ki was the paternal second cousin once removed to his wife, but through Princess Deoknyeong, Ki was the maternal first cousin to her.

Deposition and removal

However, in 1170 (24th year reign of King Uijong), Chŏng Chung-bu who was dissatisfied with the King whom usually politically centered on eunuchs, then killed about 10 eunuchs in the palace.^[10] After moved the King to "Gungigam",^[11] they led a coup to dethroned him and his successors.

At this time, Wang Ki was imprisoned at "Yeongeun Hall" ^[12] and in the next day, Uijong was exiled to "Geoje-hyeon" (거제현; modern-day Geoje, South Korea.^[13]), Ki was expelled to "Jindo-hyeon" (진도현; modern-day Jindo County, South Jeolla Province, South Korea.^[14]), while his son was murdered. In 1173, Uijong was assassinated by Yi Ŭi-min at Gyerim ^[15] and whether the prince was still alive or dead is unknown as there are no records left. After this, the throne was succeeded by Uijong's second younger brother, Wang Ho, the Duke Ikyang who became known as "King Myeongjong".

External links

• Crown Prince Hyoryeong on the Encyclopedia of Korean Culture .
• History of Goryeo by Jeong In-ji

Notes and References

1. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%ED%9A%A8%EB%A0%B9%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%ED%9A%A8%EB%A0%B9%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_090r_0010_0620/3/1/3/r. ko:의종 소생 왕자. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
2. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%ED%9A%A8%EB%A0%B9%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%ED%9A%A8%EB%A0%B9%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_090r_0010_0630/3/2/3/r. ko:의종 왕자 효령태자 왕기. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
3. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_090r_0010_0470/3/1/3/r. ko:문종 왕자 조선공 왕도. Goryeosa. November 11, 2021. ko.
4. 《History of Goryeo》Vol. 18〈Biographies〉Vol. 18 – 4th month, 7th year of Uijong - Prince Hong Sealed Into Crown Prince
5. 《History of Goryeo》Vol. 18〈Biographies〉Vol. 18 – 5th month, 9th year of Uijong - Appointment of Yang Won-jun and others to the Royal Office
6. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EC%86%8C%EB%B3%B4+%EA%B9%80%EC%A1%B4%EC%A4%91%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EC%86%8C%EB%B3%B4+%EA%B9%80%EC%A1%B4%EC%A4%91&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_018r_0040_0020_0030/2/0/2/r. ko:김존중을 태자소보로 삼다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
7. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%ED%83%9C%EB%B3%B4+%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80%EB%AC%B4%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%ED%83%9C%EB%B3%B4+%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80%EB%AC%B4&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_018r_0040_0100_0010/1/0/1/r. ko:이지무를 태자태보로 삼다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
8. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%99%95%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90+%EA%B4%80%EB%A1%80%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%99%95%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90+%EA%B4%80%EB%A1%80&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_017r_0030_0010_0010/10/2/10/r. ko:왕태자의 관례를 행하다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
9. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%99%95%EA%B0%90%EC%9D%98+%EB%94%B8%EC%9D%84+%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EB%B9%84%EB%A1%9C+%EC%82%BC%EB%8B%A4&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%99%95%EA%B0%90%EC%9D%98+%EB%94%B8%EC%9D%84+%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EB%B9%84%EB%A1%9C+%EC%82%BC%EB%8B%A4&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_018r_0160_0010_0070/1/0/1/r. ko:왕감의 딸을 태자비로 삼다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
10. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%9D%98%EC%A2%85+%ED%83%9C%EC%86%90%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%9D%98%EC%A2%85+%ED%83%9C%EC%86%90&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_128r_0010_0010_0020/1/0/1/r. ko:정중부가 이의방 등과 함께 의종을 폐위하고 명종을 옹립하다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.
11. "Gun-gi-gam" is a government office during the Goryeo and Joseon dynasty periods who was in charge of manufacturing equipment and clothes necessary for going out to battle; it also known as "Gun-gi-si" .http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EA%B5%B0%EA%B8%B0%EA%B0%90(%E8%BB%8D%E5%99%A8%E7%9B%A3)http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0006592
12. 《History of Goryeo》Vol. 19〈Biographies〉Vol. 19 – 9th month, 24th year of Uijong - Jeong Jung-bu and others Kill Eunuchs and Transfer the King to Gungigam
13. https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=566040&mobile&cid=46618&categoryId=46618
14. https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=763306&mobile&cid=43740&categoryId=44174
15. Web site: http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%9D%98%EC%A2%85+%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98%EB%AF%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%9D%98%EC%A2%85+%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98%EB%AF%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_064r_0010_0010_0010_0510/10/2/10/r. ko:의종이 계림에서 이의민에게 살해 당하다. Goryeosa. January 15, 2022. ko.