| China State Railway Group Company, Ltd. | |
| Trade Name: | China Railway |
| Native Name: | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 |
| Former Name: | China Railway Corporation (2013–2019) |
| Type: | State-owned limited company |
| Industry: | Rail transport |
| Predecessor: | Ministry of Railways |
| Location City: | Haidian District, Beijing |
| Location Country: | China |
| Area Served: | China |
| Services: | Passenger rail Freight rail |
| Key People: | Liu Zhenfang (Chairman) Guo Zhuxue (General Manager) |
| Revenue: | [1] |
| Revenue Year: | 2023 |
| Operating Income: | [2] |
| Income Year: | 2023 |
| Net Income Year: | 2023 |
| Assets Year: | 2023 |
| Equity Year: | 2023 |
| Owner: | Ministry of Finance |
| Num Employees: | 2 million approx. (2013) |
| Divisions: | Railway operations |
| Subsid: | 16 bureaux 5 companies |
| Homepage: | |
| Footnotes: | source[3] |
| China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. | |
| S: | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 |
| T: | 中國國家鐵路集團有限公司 |
| P: | Zhōngguó Guójiā Tiělù Jítuán Yǒuxiàngōngsī |
| L: | China State Railway Group Limited Company |
| Order: | st |
| S2: | 国铁集团 |
| T2: | 國鐵集團 |
| P2: | Guó Tiě Jítuán |
| L2: | State Railway Group |
China State Railway Group Co., Ltd., doing business as China Railway (CR), is the national passenger and freight railroad corporation of the People's Republic of China.[4]
China Railway operates passenger and freight transport throughout China with 18 regional subsidiaries.[5] By September 2022, the total assets of China Railway Group are CNY 9.06 trillion (USD 1.24 trillion).[6] China has the highest railway usage in the world.[7]
China Railway Corporation was established in 2013 to be responsible for railroad construction, operation, and maintenance.[8]
Under the Chinese Corporate Law, China Railway Corporation was reorganized into China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. on 18 June 2019. This meant the Ministry of Finance would act as an investor on behalf of the state and the company would be led by a board and managed by board-chosen executives.[9] [10]
By the end of 2019, China Railway employed 2 million people and operated 139,900 km of railroads, of which 35,388 are high-speed railroads.[11]
The China Railway logo was designed by Chen Yuchang (1912–1969), officially adopted on 22 January 1950. The whole logo represents the front of a locomotive. The upper part of the logo represents the Chinese character 人 (people), while the lower part represents the transversal surface of a rail. The logo means that China's railway belongs to the people.[12] [13] [14] The lower part represents the character 工 (labour), means that China's railway belongs to the working class.
The "CR" logo is used on the Fuxing (train) along with the China Railway logo.[15]
The "CRH" logo is used on the Hexie (train).
There are 21 primary subsidiary companies under China Railway. As of 2008, approximately two million people work in China Railway.
| Parent | Subsidiary | Operational line |
|---|---|---|
| CR Guangzhou | Guangshen Railway Company | Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway |
| Guangmeishan Railway Company | Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway | |
| Sanmao Company | Sanshui–Maoming railway | |
| Shichang Railway Company | Shimen–Changsha railway | |
| Yuehai Railway Company | Guangdong–Hainan railway | |
| CR Kunming | Shuibai Railway Company | Liupanshui–Baiguo railway |
| CR Nanchang | Wuyishan Railway Company | Hengfeng–Nanping railway |
| Quanzhou Railway Company | Zhangping–Longyan–Kanshi railway | |
| Longyan Railway Company | Zhangping–Quanzhou–Xiaocuo railway | |
| Xiamen Haicang Railway Company | Haicang branch railway | |
| CR Shanghai | Xiaoyong Railway Company | Xiaoshan–Ningbo railway |
| Hejiu Railway Company | Hefei–Jiujiang railway | |
| Xinchang Railway Company | Xinyi–Changxing railway | |
| Jinwen Railway Company | Jinhua–Wenzhou railway | |
| Ningqi Railway Company | Nanjing–Qidong railway | |
| Ninghe Railway Company | Hefei–Nanjing passenger railway | |
| Hewu Railway Company | Hefei–Wuhan railway | |
| CR Taiyuan | Daqin Railway Company | Datong–Qinhuangdao railway |
| CR Wuhan | Huhanrong Railway Hubei Company | Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high-speed railway (Hubei section) |
| Luofu Railway Company | Luohe–Fuyang railway | |
| CR Xi'an | Xiyan Railway Company | Xi'an–Yan'an railway |
| CR Zhengzhou | Anli Branch Line Company | Anyang–Lizhen railway |
| Tanghe Branch Line Company | Tangyin–Hebi railway |
The key trends for the China Railway are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):
| Revenue (RMB t) | 1.13 | 1.13 | 1.25 | |
| Operating income (RMB b) | −34.8 | −54.4 | 27.47 | |
| Net income (RMB b) | −49.9 | −69.6 | 3.30 | |
| Total assets (RMB t) | 8.92 | 9.20 | 9.53 | |
| Total equity (RMB t) | 3.00 | 3.09 | 3.22 | |
| References | [16] | [17] | [18] |
China Railway operates passenger trains from China to Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Vietnam and Laos. Also operates freight (cargo) trains to these countries.
There are 11 international passenger train services:
See also: Eurasian Land Bridge. China Railway ran goods services to 15 European cities, including routes to Madrid and Hamburg and the experimental East Wind service to London to test demand.[19] The Chinese government refers to the two-week 12000km (7,000miles) route, starting at Yiwu and with trains to London traversing Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France, as the Belt and Road Initiative.[20] Containers must be transferred several times, as different, incompatible, rail gauges are used in different regions, and the same rolling stock cannot be used throughout.
China has been investing in and helping to rebuild railways in Africa.[21] [22] Below is an incomplete list of rail projects.