Cham Jawi Explained

Notes

1. The letter alif serves as a vowel, or as a carrier of vowel diacritics. This letter can take various types of diacritics to represent different vowel sounds. Please reffer to the section on vowels for more detailed information.
2. At the end of the word, the letter ة is used. In all other contexts and locations, the letter تـ ت is used.
3. Mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
4. The two letters حـ ح and هـ ه are homophones, but they are not interchangeable. They can either be standalone consonants, or they can be as part of digpraphs representing aspiration. They follow the following rules:
   • Arabic loanwords are written as is, with no modification.
   • The letter حـ ح is used for writing of the "h" sound at the beginning of syllables in a multi-syllabic word.
   • The letter هـ ه is used for writing of the "h" sound at the beginning of a syllable in a one-syllable word.
   • The letter هـ ه is used for writing of the "h" sound at the end of a syllable in any word.
   • The letter حـ ح is used as part of a digraph to represent an aspirated consonant, if the leading consonant is a voiceless letter (k, c, t, p).
   • The letter هـ ه is used as part of a digraph to represent an aspirated consonant, if the leading consonant is a voiced letter (g, j, d, b).
5. The two letters ر and غ are homophones. In Arabic loanwords, they are use unmodified. In every other instance, the letter غ is preferred, corresponding to the sound pronounced as /link/. However, there are dialects of Cham where these letters are pronounced as a thrill, pronounced as /link/. Thus, variations in orthographic convention do exist. The median consonant corresponding to a mid-syllable sound "CrV" or "CrVC" is written with the letter ر.
6. The letter ع doesn't represent any sound of its own. But it serves a specific purpose. This letter functions as a leading null letter in syllables that start with a vowel, in "VC" syllables. This applies to beginning of words as well as in the middle of words. In Arabic loanwords, the letter ئ may alternatively be used.
7. At the end of a syllable, the latin "-k" is pronounced as a glottal stop, and written as a hamza ء. When there is an actual /k/ sound at the end of a syllable, in Latin orthography, an alternative letter may be used, such as "c". In these instances, the word is written with an Arabic kaf letter, ك. In other instances, the letter ك is used.
8. The letter waw serves as a consonant ([w]), a vowel, or as a carrier of vowel diacritics. This letter can take various types of diacritics to represent different vowel sounds. Please reffer to the section on vowels for more detailed information.
9. The letter ya serves as a consonant ([j]), a vowel, or as a carrier of vowel diacritics. This letter can take various types of diacritics to represent different vowel sounds. Please reffer to the section on vowels for more detailed information.

Reduplication

In Cham Jawi, Reduplication is done in a manner similar to Jawi script and Pegon script, that is with the use of the numeral "٢" right after the base word.

While suffixed, the numeral "٢" comes in between the base word and the suffix, effectively being in the middle of the word.

Sample Text

Below is a sample text in Cham, in Rumi, Jawi, and Cham scripts. This text is the translation of a famous Vietnamese short poetry.

See also

• Web site: en . Kamus Cam - Melayu . Bông Sứ . 7 April 2010 . 29 August 2024.
• Web site: en . Majid Transliteration - Jawi Cham . Bông Sứ . 28 November 2010 . 29 August 2024.
• Web site: en . Akhar Thrah dan akhar Jawi Cam (Chữ Chăm Thrah và chữ Jawi Chăm) . Gilaipraung . 12 December 2010 . 25 September 2019. https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fgilaipraung.com%2F2010%2F12%2Fakhar-thrah-dan-akhar-jawi-cam-ch%25E1%25BB%25AF-cham-thrah-va-ch%25E1%25BB%25AF-jawi-cham%2F#& . 29 November 1998.