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| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Native Name: | Câmara dos Deputados |
| Native Name Lang: | pt |
| Legislature: | 57th Legislature of the National Congress |
| Logo Pic: | Logo Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil.png |
| Logo Res: | 250px |
| Logo Alt: | Logo of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil |
| House Type: | Lower house |
| Body: | National Congress of Brazil |
| Term Limits: | None |
| Leader1 Type: | President |
| Leader1: | Arthur Lira |
| Party1: | PP |
| Election1: | 1 February 2021 |
| Leader2 Type: | Government Leader |
| Leader2: | José Guimarães |
| Party2: | PT |
| Election2: | 6 January 2023 |
| Leader3 Type: | Majority Leader |
| Leader3: | André Figueiredo |
| Party3: | PDT |
| Election3: | 16 April 2024 |
| Leader4 Type: | Minority Leader |
| Leader4: | Bia Kicis |
| Party4: | PL |
| Election4: | 21 February 2024 |
| Leader5 Type: | Opposition Leader |
| Leader5: | Filipe Barros |
| Party5: | PL |
| Election5: | 1 April 2024 |
| Seats: | 513 |
| Structure1: | Brazil Parliament 2024.svg |
| Structure1 Res: | 250px |
| Political Groups1: | Government (226) Opposition (114) Independents (173) |
| Term Length: | 4 years |
| Salary: | R$ 39,293 monthly (and benefits)[1] |
| Voting System1: | Open list proportional representation (D'Hondt method) with a 2% election threshold[2] |
| Last Election1: | 2 October 2022 |
| Next Election1: | 4 October 2026 |
| Session Room: | 976088-16092015- wdo6763.jpg |
| Meeting Place: | Ulysses Guimarães plenary chamber National Congress Palace Brasília, Federal District, Brazil |
The Chamber of Deputies (pt|Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Arthur Lira (PP-AL), who was elected on 1 February 2021.
The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state (or of the Federal District) as of 1994. However, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight federal deputies and the most populous elects seventy. These restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population.
Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held every four years, with all seats up for election.
A census held every 10 years by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics is used as the basis for the distribution of the seats. Proportionality is followed as a principle, with the exception that there should be a minimum of eight (8) members and a maximum of seventy (70) members per state. Per the 2010 census, states with 3,258,117 inhabitants upwards have 9 to 70 deputies.
As a result, although most states hover around an average of 362,013 inhabitants by deputy (per the 2010 census), some states with smaller populations have a much lower average, such as Roraima (1 for 51,000 inhabitants).
| Federal state | Deputies currently allotted | % | Population | % | Population per deputy | Deputies in proportional allotment | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| São Paulo | 70 | 13.6% | 39,924,091 | 21.5% | 570,344 | 110 | –40 | |
| Minas Gerais | 53 | 10.3% | 19,159,260 | 10.3% | 361,495 | 53 | 0 | |
| Rio de Janeiro | 46 | 9% | 15,180,636 | 8.2% | 330,014 | 42 | +4 | |
| Bahia | 39 | 7.6% | 13,633,969 | 7.3% | 349,589 | 38 | +1 | |
| Rio Grande do Sul | 31 | 6% | 10,576,758 | 5.7% | 341,186 | 29 | +2 | |
| Paraná | 30 | 5.8% | 10,226,737 | 5.5% | 340,891 | 28 | +2 | |
| Pernambuco | 25 | 4.9% | 8,541,250 | 4.6% | 341,650 | 24 | +1 | |
| Ceará | 22 | 4.3% | 8,450,527 | 4.4% | 371,822 | 23 | –1 | |
| Maranhão | 18 | 3.5% | 6,424,340 | 3.5% | 356,908 | 18 | 0 | |
| Goiás | 17 | 3.3% | 5,849,105 | 3.1% | 344,065 | 16 | +1 | |
| Pará | 17 | 3.3% | 7,443,904 | 4.0% | 437,877 | 21 | –4 | |
| Santa Catarina | 16 | 3.1% | 6,178,603 | 3.3% | 386,163 | 17 | –1 | |
| Paraíba | 12 | 2.3% | 3,753,633 | 2.0% | 312,803 | 10 | +2 | |
| Espírito Santo | 10 | 1.9% | 3,392,775 | 1.8% | 339,278 | 9 | +1 | |
| Piauí | 10 | 1.9% | 3,086,448 | 1.7% | 308,645 | 9 | +1 | |
| Alagoas | 9 | 1.7% | 3,093,994 | 1.7% | 343,777 | 9 | 0 | |
| Acre | 8 | 1.6% | 707,125 | 0.4% | 88,391 | 2 | +6 | |
| Amazonas | 8 | 1.6% | 3,350,773 | 1.8% | 418,847 | 9 | –1 | |
| Amapá | 8 | 1.6% | 648,553 | 0.3% | 81,069 | 2 | +6 | |
| Distrito Federal | 8 | 1.6% | 2,469,489 | 1.3% | 308,686 | 7 | +1 | |
| 8 | 1.6% | 2,404,256 | 1.3% | 300,532 | 7 | +1 | ||
| Mato Grosso | 8 | 1.6% | 2,954,625 | 1.6% | 369,328 | 8 | 0 | |
| Rio Grande do Norte | 8 | 1.6% | 3,121,451 | 1.7% | 390,181 | 9 | –1 | |
| Rondônia | 8 | 1.6% | 1,535,625 | 0.8% | 191,953 | 4 | +4 | |
| Roraima | 8 | 1.6% | 425,398 | 0.2% | 53,175 | 1 | +7 | |
| Sergipe | 8 | 1.6% | 2,036,227 | 1.1% | 254,528 | 6 | +2 | |
| Tocantins | 8 | 1.6% | 1,373,551 | 0.7% | 171,694 | 4 | +4 | |
| Total | 513 | 100% | 185,712,713 | 100% | 362,013 | 514 | –2 |
| Party | Floor leader | Seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal Party | Altineu Côrtes | 93 | ||
| Brazil of Hope Federation | Odair Cunha | 80 | ||
| Brazil Union | Elmar Nascimento | 59 | ||
| Progressistas | Luiz Teixeira Jr. | 50 | ||
| Brazilian Democratic Movement | Isnaldo Bulhões Jr. | 44 | ||
| Social Democratic Party | Antonio Brito | 44 | ||
| Republicanos | Hugo Motta | 40 | ||
| PSDB Cidadania Federation | Adolfo Viana | 18 | ||
| Democratic Labour Party | Afonso Motta | 18 | ||
| Brazilian Socialist Party | Gervásio Maia | 14 | ||
| Podemos | Romero Rodrigues | 14 | ||
| PSOL REDE Federation | Erika Hilton | 14 | ||
| Avante | Luis Tibé | 7 | ||
| Democratic Renewal Party | Frederico Escaleira | 5 | ||
| Solidariedade | Aureo Ribeiro | 5 | ||
| New Party | Adriana Ventura | 4 | ||
| Total | 513 | |||
Partisan bloc leadership is organized into the following roles:
| Bloc | Deputies | Leader | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government | 138 | José Guimarães (PT-CE) | |
| Majority | – | André Figueiredo (PDT-CE) | |
| Opposition | 114 | Filipe Barros (PL-PR) | |
| Minority | – | Bia Kicis (PL-DF) |
The House of Deputies is composed of the Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil by College Leaders and the Commissions, which can be permanent, temporary, or special inquiry.
The current composition of the Board of the Chamber of Deputies is the following:
President: Arthur Lira (PP-AL)
1st vice president: Marcos Pereira (Republicanos-SP)
2nd vice president: Sóstenes Cavalcante (PL-RJ)
1st secretary: Luciano Bivar (UNIÃO-PE)
2nd secretary: Maria do Rosário (PT-RS)
3rd secretary: Júlio Cesar (PSD-PI)
4th secretary: Lucio Mosquini (MDB-RO)
1st substitute: Gilberto Nascimento (PSC-SP)
2nd substitute: Pompeo de Mattos (PDT-RS)
3rd substitute: Beto Pereira (PSDB-MS)
4th substitute: André Ferreira (PL-PE)
On 6 March 2012, was defined division of committees between parties. The House President, Marco Maia, believes that the proportionality between the parties / blocs must take into account the data of the last election. Thus, PT and PMDB, with the highest benches, were three committees (the PT made the choice first). DEM and PSDB, the two largest opposition, were two commissions each.[3] On the other hand, PSD, most harmed by this decision, filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court (STF) trying to reverse this decision.[4]
The chair of the committee, was defined as follows:[5]
| Committee | Chair | |
|---|---|---|
| Administration and Public Service | Waldemar Oliveira (Avante-PE) | |
| Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development | Evair de Melo (PP-ES) | |
| Amazon and Originary and Traditional People | Dilvanda Faro (PT-PA) | |
| Communication | Silas Câmara (Republicanos-AM) | |
| Consumer Defence | Fabio Schiochet (UNIÃO-SC) | |
| Constitution, Justice and Citizenship | Caroline de Toni (PL-SC) | |
| Culture | Aliel Machado (PV-PR) | |
| Defense of Women Rights | Ana Pimentel (PT-MG) | |
| Defense of Elderly Rights | Pedro Aihara (PRD-MG) | |
| Defense of People with Disabilities Rights | Weliton Prado (Solidariedade-MG) | |
| Economic Development | Danilo Forte (UNIÃO-CE) | |
| Education | Nikolas Ferreira (PL-MG) | |
| Environment and Sustainable Development | Rafael Prudente (MDB-DF) | |
| Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum | Leur Lomanto Júnior (UNIÃO-BA) | |
| Finances and Taxation | Mário Negromonte Jr. (PP-BA) | |
| Financial Oversight and Control | Joseildo Ramos (PT-BA) | |
| Foreign Affairs and National Defense | Lucas Redecker (PSDB-RS) | |
| Health | Francisco Costa (PT-PI) | |
| Human Rights, Minorities and Racial Equality | Daiana Santos (PCdoB-RS) | |
| Industry, Trade and Services | Josenildo Abrantes (PDT-AP) | |
| Labour | Lucas Ramos (PSB-PE) | |
| Mines and Energy | Júnior Ferrari (PSD-PA) | |
| National Integration and Regional Development | José Rocha (UNIÃO-BA) | |
| Participative Legislation | Glauber Braga (PSOL-RJ) | |
| Public Security and Fight Against Organized Crime | Alberto Fraga (PL-DF) | |
| Roads and Transports | Gilberto Abramo (Republicanos-MG) | |
| Science, Technology and Innovation | Nely Aquino (PODE-MG) | |
| Social Security, Social Assistance, Childhood, Adolescence and Family | Francisco Eurico (PL-PE) | |
| Sports | Antonio Carlos Rodrigues (PL-SP) | |
| Tourism | Paulo Litro (PSD-PR) | |
| Urban Development | Eunício Oliveira (MDB-CE) |