| Awala-Yalimapo | |
| Commune Status: | Commune |
| Map Size: | 220px |
| Adjustable Map: | Locator map of Awala-Yalimapo 2022.png |
| Map Caption: | Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana |
| Arrondissement: | Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni |
| Insee: | 97361 |
| Postal Code: | 97319 |
| Mayor: | Jean-Paul Féreira[1] |
| Term: | 2020 - 2026 |
| Intercommunality: | CC Ouest Guyanais |
| Coordinates: | 5.7411°N -53.9278°W |
| Area Km2: | 187.4 |
Awala-Yalimapo (pronounced as /fr/) is a commune on the north coast of French Guiana, close to the border with Suriname. The seat of the commune is the settlement of Awala where the town hall is located. Other settlements in the commune are: Yalimapo, Ayawande, and Piliwa. The majority of the inhabitants are Kaliña Amerindian people.[2]
The Kalina people have been living along the Maroni River since before the European colonization. In 1596, Lawrence Kemys noted that Iaremappo, a big village, was located near the mouth of the river. European diseases reduced the number of Kalinas in the area to several hundred in the mid 19th century. In 1858, the Hattes penal colony was established in the region and operated until 1950.[3]
In the late 1940s, Amerindians from Pointe Isère founded the village of Awala. In 1950, families from Ayawande and Galibi in Suriname founded the village of Yalimapo.[3]
The commune of Awala-Yalimapo was created on 31 December 1988 by detaching its territory from the commune of Mana. The commune is a protected area for its ecology, flora, and fauna (ZNIEFF).[2]
In 1987, Jacques Chirac as Prime Minister established Zones of Collective Use Rights (ZDUC).[4] Since 1998, the commune has 1,593 hectares of communal land located in Point Isère to be used for fishing, hunting and subsistence farming.[5]
Awala and Yalimapo are French Guiana's northernmost settlements, located just to the south of the régions northernmost point, the beach of Plage des Hattes, the world's largest leatherback turtle nesting site.[6] The Amana Nature Reserve has been established in 1998 to protect the turtles. The reserve covers 14,800 hectares.[7]