7th Illinois Infantry Regiment explained

Unit Name:7th Illinois Infantry Regiment
Dates:April 25, 1861, to July 9, 1865
Country: United States
Allegiance:Union
Branch:
Type:Infantry
Battles:
Notable Commanders:
Identification Symbol Label:2nd Division, XVI Corps
Identification Symbol 2 Label:4th Division, XV Corps

The 7th Illinois Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Service

3 month enlistments

The regiment was created in response to Battle of Fort Sumter and President Abraham Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers to serve for 3 months (the longest time allowed by the Constitution without Congressional approval). At the very beginning of the war the only place for Illinoisans to enlist was the state capital at Springfield. Because of this the majority of recruits were from Sangamon County. This included several militia companies that were already uniformed and partially trained; notably the "Springfield Grays" which made up Company I. The recruits were organized at Camp Yates on the outskirts of Springfield and mustered into Federal service by Captain John Pope on April 25, 1861, for 90-days service. Camp Yates was located at the old Illinois State Fairgrounds site (currently the site of Dubois Elementary School). Throughout their training the men lived in the state fair's stables, which provided considerable comfort and relief from the elements. Despite being the first troops raised in Illinois, the regiment was numbered the 7th Illinois, paying homage to the six Illinois infantry volunteer regiments that were raised to fight in the Mexican–American War fourteen years earlier. During their service part of the regiment wore gray zouave uniforms with orange piping.[1]

Departing Camp Yates in May 1861, they went on duty at Alton, Cairo, and Mound City, Illinois, and then at St. Louis, Missouri, until July, 1861. Companies "E" and "G" formed part of an expedition from Cairo to the Little River in Missouri on June 22 and 23.

3 year enlistments

The original regiment was mustered out on July 25, 1861, at Cairo; some of the soldiers re-enlisted for 3 years, but most returned home and the new 7th Illinois barely resembled the original regiment.[2] With 3-year enlistees, the regiment saw service at the Battle of Fort Donelson, the Battle of Shiloh, the Battle of Allatoona, the March to the Sea and the Carolinas Campaign.

The regiment mustered out of service on July 9, 1865.

Affiliations, battle honors, detailed service, and casualties

Organizational affiliation

The three-month 7th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Yates, IL and served in the Department of the Missouri. The three-year 7th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment was organized at Cairo, IL and served with the following organizations:

Battles

The 7th Illinois fought in the following battles:

Detailed service

The regiment's detailed service and locations are as follows:

1861

1862

1863

1864

1865

Total strength and casualties

The regiment suffered 8 officers and 81 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 3 officers and 174 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 266 fatalities.[3]

Commanders

See also

References

Sources

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: The Springfield Zouave Grays, Company I, 7th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, 1861 to 1865 . Rootsweb.ancestry.com . 2018-11-29.
  2. Dyer (1959), Volume 3 p. 1,046.
  3. http://www.civilwararchive.com/Unreghst/unilinf1.htm The Civil War Archive website
  4. http://www.ilsos.gov/isaveterans/civilMusterSearch.do Illinois in the Civil War muster rolls

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