| Election Name: | 2018 Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina parliamentary election |
| Previous Election: | 2014 |
| Next Election: | 2022 |
| Election Date: | 7 October 2018 |
| Country: | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Seats For Election: | 98 seats in the House of Representatives |
| Majority Seats: | 50 |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Turnout: | 51.83% |
| Party1: | Party of Democratic Action |
| Leader1: | Bakir Izetbegović |
| Last Election1: | 29 |
| Seats1: | 27 |
| Percentage1: | 25.25 |
| Party2: | Social Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina) |
| Leader2: | Nermin Nikšić |
| Last Election2: | 12 |
| Seats2: | 16 |
| Percentage2: | 14.53 |
| Party3: | HDZ BiH and allies |
| Leader3: | Dragan Čović |
| Last Election3: | 12 |
| Seats3: | 16 |
| Percentage3: | 14.35 |
| Party4: | DF–GS |
| Leader4: | Željko Komšić |
| Last Election4: | 14 |
| Seats4: | 10 |
| Percentage4: | 9.36 |
| Party5: | Union for a Better Future of BiH |
| Leader5: | Fahrudin Radončić |
| Last Election5: | 16 |
| Seats5: | 8 |
| Percentage5: | 7.05 |
| Party6: | Our Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina) |
| Leader6: | Predrag Kojović |
| Last Election6: | 1 |
| Seats6: | 6 |
| Percentage6: | 5.09 |
| Party7: | Movement of Democratic Action |
| Leader7: | Mirsad Kukić |
| Last Election7: | New |
| Seats7: | 4 |
| Percentage7: | 3.77 |
| Party8: | Independent Bloc (Bosnia and Herzegovina) |
| Leader8: | Senad Šepić |
| Last Election8: | New |
| Seats8: | 4 |
| Percentage8: | 3.49 |
| Party9: | Party of Democratic Activity |
| Leader9: | Nermin Ogrešević |
| Last Election9: | 2 |
| Seats9: | 2 |
| Percentage9: | 2.74 |
| Party10: | HDZ 1990–HSP |
| Leader10: | Ilija Cvitanović |
| Last Election10: | 4 |
| Seats10: | 2 |
| Percentage10: | 2.56 |
| Party11: | People and Justice |
| Leader11: | Elmedin Konaković |
| Last Election11: | New |
| Seats11: | 2 |
| Percentage11: | 2.32 |
| Party12: | LS BiH |
| Leader12: | Elvira Abdić-Jelenović |
| Last Election12: | 1 |
| Seats12: | 1 |
| Percentage12: | 0.76 |
| Map: | 2018 Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina general election - Results.svg |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Fadil Novalić |
| Before Party: | SDA |
| After Election: | Fadil Novalić |
| After Party: | SDA |
General elections were held in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on 7 October 2018 as part of the Bosnian general elections. Voters elected the 98 members of the House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the assemblies of the cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Party of Democratic Action (SDA) emerged as the largest party in the House of Representatives, winning 27 of the 98 seats. The Social Democratic Party (SDP BiH) and the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ BiH) each won 16 seats. The Democratic Front won 10 seats, down four from the previous general election in 2014. The Union for a Better Future saw a significant decline, winning 8 seats, down eight from the previous election. Our Party significantly improved its result, winning 6 seats, up by five from 2014.
Fadil Novalić remained in office as Prime Minister, since the parties never were able to form a new government, most notably due to constant quarrel between the SDA and the HDZ BiH, as well as the SDP BiH refusing to form a government alongside the SDA.[1]
The president of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the two vice-presidents are not elected by direct election: The first chamber of the Federal Parliament, the House of Peoples, nominates candidates for the presidency and the vice-presidencies, followed by the second chamber, the House of Representatives, must confirm this nomination by election. Subsequently, confirmation by the majority of the delegates of all three constitutive ethnic groups in the House of Peoples is required.[2]
The House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has a total of 98 members who are elected by proportional representation. The election takes place in 12 multi-person constituencies with entity-wide balancing mandates. In the Federal House of Representatives, each constitutive ethnic group should be represented by at least four members. The threshold is three percent.[2]
The assemblies of the 10 cantons of the Federation are also elected. The election is based on proportional representation with a threshold of three percent. The individual cantonal assemblies send members to the House of Peoples.[2]