| Competition: | Primera División |
| Season: | 1972–73 |
| Winners: | Atlético Madrid (7th title) |
| Relegated: | Real Betis Deportivo La Coruña Burgos |
| Continentalcup1: | European Cup |
| Continentalcup1 Qualifiers: | Atlético Madrid |
| Continentalcup2: | Cup Winners' Cup |
| Continentalcup2 Qualifiers: | Athletic Bilbao |
| Continentalcup3: | UEFA Cup |
| Continentalcup3 Qualifiers: | Barcelona Español Real Madrid |
| League Topscorer: | Marianín (19 goals) |
| Biggest Home Win: | |
| Biggest Away Win: | Castellón 1–4 Athletic Bilbao |
| Matches: | 306 |
| Total Goals: | 656 |
| Prevseason: | 1971–72 |
| Nextseason: | 1973–74 |
The 1972–73 La Liga was the 42nd season since its establishment. It began on 2 September 1972, and concluded on 20 May 1973.
| Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Marianín | Oviedo | |
| 2 | Luis Aragonés | Atlético Madrid | |
| 3 |  Roberto Martínez | Español | |
| Germán Dévora | Las Palmas | ||
| Juan María Amiano | Español |