| Election Name: | 1954 United States Senate election in Kentucky |
| Country: | Kentucky |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1952 United States Senate special election in Kentucky |
| Previous Year: | 1952 (special) |
| Next Election: | 1956 United States Senate special election in Kentucky |
| Next Year: | 1956 (special) |
| Election Date: | November 2, 1954 |
| Image1: | x150px |
| Nominee1: | Alben Barkley |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 434,109 |
| Percentage1: | 54.46% |
| Nominee2: | John Sherman Cooper |
| Party2: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 362,948 |
| Percentage2: | 45.54% |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| U.S. Senator | |
| Before Election: | John Sherman Cooper |
| Before Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Alben Barkley |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
The 1954 United States Senate election in Kentucky took place on November 2, 1954. Incumbent Republican Senator John Sherman Cooper, who won a 1952 special election to fill the vacant seat of Virgil Chapman, ran for a full term in office but was defeated by Democratic former Senator and Vice President of the United States Alben Barkley.
Following his victory, Barkley served a little over a year before dying of a heart attack on April 30, 1956. Cooper won the November special election to succeed him and returned to the Senate.