1914 in Scotland explained
Events from the year 1914 in Scotland.
Incumbents
Law officers
Judiciary
Events
- 21 February – Militant suffragette Ethel Moorhead, imprisoned in Calton Jail, Edinburgh, for attempted fire-raising, becomes the first in Scotland to suffer force-feeding while on hunger strike; four days later she is released on health grounds.[1]
- 14 April – A collision at Burntisland railway station between an express and a shunting goods train following a signalman's error kills two locomotive crew and injures twelve passengers.[2]
- 2 May – Glasgow newspaper The Saturday Post, a predecessor of The Sunday Post, changes its title to The Sporting Post.
- 18 June – A railway bridge collapse at Carrbridge following a torrential thunderstorm kills five people.
- July – Militant suffragette Fanny Parker is arrested while attempting (probably with Ethel Moorhead) to set fire to Burns Cottage, Alloway.[3]
- 3 July – Govanhill Baths in Glasgow inaugurated.[4]
- 4 July – A memorial is unveiled at Hawick to the Battle of Hornshole (1514).[1]
- 10 July – A royal visit to Scotland is interrupted by suffragettes: one attempts to reach the King and Queen's carriage at Dundee;[5] and Rhoda Fleming leaps onto the footboard of the royal car at Perth; police protect her from an angry crowd.[1]
- 26 July – Bachelor's Walk massacre: Troops of the King's Own Scottish Borderers fire on a crowd of nationalist protestors at Bachelors Walk, Dublin, killing three; a fourth man dies later from bayonet wounds and more than 30 others are injured.[6]
- 30 July – Norwegian aviator Tryggve Gran makes the first crossing of the North Sea by aeroplane, flying from Cruden Bay to Jæren in Norway in the Blériot XI monoplane Ca Flotte.
- August – The British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet is formed in Scapa Flow.
- 4 August – World War I: Declaration of war by the United Kingdom on the German Empire.[7]
- 9 August – World War I: Light cruiser rams and sinks Imperial German Navy submarine U-15 off Fair Isle, the first U-boat claimed by the Royal Navy.[7]
- 28 August - 28 September – World War I: German spy Carl Hans Lody is operating from Edinburgh.
- September – World War I
- Revolutionary socialist teacher John Maclean holds his first anti-war rally, on Glasgow Green.
- Rumours spread that Russian troops, landed on the east coast of Scotland, have passed on trains through Britain en route to the Western Front.
- 5 September – World War I: Scout cruiser is sunk by German submarine U-21 in the Firth of Forth with loss of all but nine of her crew,[8] the first ship ever to be sunk by a locomotive torpedo fired from a submarine.
- 8 September – Armed merchant cruiser HMS Oceanic runs aground on the Shaalds o' Foula and is lost.
- 14 September – World War I: Scottish soldiers William Henry Johnston, Ross Tollerton and George Wilson are awarded the Victoria Cross in separate actions on the Western Front.
- 26 September – World War I: the 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division, newly formed as part of Kitchener's Army, first parades as a unit.[9]
- 15 October – World War I: Protected cruiser is torpedoed by German submarine U-9 off Aberdeen, sinking in under ten minutes with the loss of 524 crew and only seventy survivors.[10]
- 16/17 October – World War I: Scare of submarine attack in Scapa Flow causes the Grand Fleet to disperse while the anchorage is secured.[10]
- 22 October – World War I: Glaswegian Private Henry May, a regular soldier with 1st Battalion, The Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) at La Boutillerie, is awarded the Victoria Cross for rescuing wounded comrades.
- 3 November – Trawler Ivanhoe, requisitioned as an armed patrol vessel, strikes the Black Rock near Leith while minelaying and sinks.[8]
- 23 November – World War I: German submarine U-18 is intercepted and forced to scuttle while attempting to enter Scapa Flow.
- 25 November – World War I: sixteen Heart of Midlothian F.C. players enlist en masse – seven will die in action before the war ends.
- St Andrew's Cathedral, Aberdeen, raised to the status of cathedral within the Episcopal Church.
- A. & R. Scott introduce the brand name Scott's Porage Oats.[11]
Births
- 1 January – Alexander Reid, playwright (died 1982)
- 13 March – Kay Tremblay, film actress, living in Canada (died 2005 in Stratford, Ontario)
- 26 May – Archie Duncan, actor (died 1979)
- 14 June – Alexander Buchanan Campbell, architect (died 2007)
- 14 June – Ruthven Todd, poet, artist and novelist (died October 1978 in Spain)
- 25 June – Matthew McDiarmid, literary scholar, essayist, campaigning academic and poet (died 1996)
- 15 July – Gavin Maxwell, naturalist and writer (died 1969)
- 4 November – Duncan Macrae, international rugby union player (died 2007)
- 20 December – Robert Colquhoun, painter, printmaker and theatre set designer (died 1962 in London)
- 29 December – Tom Weir, climber, naturalist and broadcaster (died 2006)[12]
- Richard Scott, general practitioner and academic (died 1983)
- Ann Scott-Moncrieff, author (died 1943)
Deaths
- 1 March – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, soldier and colonial administrator (born 1845 in London)
- 16 March – Sir John Murray, oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist (born 1841 in Canada)
- 31 March – William Henry Oliphant Smeaton, writer, journalist, editor, historian and educator (born in 1856)
- 26 June – Edward Calvert, domestic architect (born 1847 in Brentford)
- 30 September – Sir Henry Littlejohn, forensic surgeon (born 1826)
- 21 October – James William Cleland, Liberal Party MP for Glasgow Bridgeton (1906–10) (born 1874)
- 19 December – William Bruce, soldier, posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross (born 1890; killed in action near Givenchy)
- 25 December – Donald MacKinnon, Celtic scholar (born in 1839)
The arts
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: Notable Dates in History - From the Scottish Reform Bill (1832) to the outbreak of the First World War (1914) . The Flag in the Wind . . 2014-07-11 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141205083554/http://www.scotsindependent.org/dates1-f.htm . 5 December 2014 .
- Book: Hoole, Ken. Ken Hoole. Trains in Trouble. 4. 1983. Atlantic Books. Redruth. 0 906899 07 9. 30.
- Web site: Leah. Leneman. Parker, Frances Mary (1875–1924). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. 2004. Online. 10.1093/ref:odnb/63882. 2014-07-11.
- Web site: Timeline. Govanhill Baths Community Trust. 2014-11-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20150101054257/http://www.govanhillbaths.com/history/. 1 January 2015. dead. dmy-all.
- News: The Royal Tour In Scotland: Loyal Welcome At Dundee; Suffragist Insults. The Times. London. 1914-07-11. 5. 40573.
- Book: Connolly, S. J.. Oxford Companion to Irish History. Oxford University Press. 2nd. 2007. 978-0-19-923483-7.
- Book: Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 0-14-102715-0. 2006.
- Web site: Notable Dates in History - From the First World War (1914) to the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament (1999) . The Flag in the Wind . The Scots Independent . 2014-07-11 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140523225830/http://www.scotsindependent.org/dates1-g.htm . 23 May 2014 .
- Web site: The 15th (Scottish) Division in 1914-1918. The Long, Long Trail. 2014-05-30.
- Web site: Royal Navy in World War I. History Hub Ulster. 2015-06-23.
- Book: Baren, Maurice. 109. How It All Began in the Pantry. London. Michael O'Mara. 2000. 978-1-85479-448-2.
- Web site: Tom Weir: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland. www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. 24 February 2018.
