| Election Name: | 1878 United States House of Representatives elections |
| Country: | United States |
| Flag Year: | 1877 |
| Type: | legislative |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1876–77 United States House of Representatives elections |
| Next Election: | 1880 United States House of Representatives elections |
| Next Year: | 1880 |
| Majority Seats: | 147 |
| Election Date: | June 3, 1878 – September 3, 1879 |
| Image1: | Samuel J. Randall - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (US) |
| Last Election1: | 155 seats |
| Seats1: | 141[1] |
| Seat Change1: | 14 |
| Popular Vote1: | 3,108,496 |
| Percentage1: | 44.20% |
| Swing1: | 7.07% |
| Party2: | Republican Party (US) |
| Last Election2: | 136 seats |
| Seats2: | 132 |
| Seat Change2: | 4 |
| Popular Vote2: | 2,782,404 |
| Percentage2: | 39.56% |
| Swing2: | 6.91% |
| Party4: | Greenback Party |
| Last Election4: | 0 seats |
| Seats4: | 13 |
| Seat Change4: | 13 |
| Popular Vote4: | 864,325 |
| Percentage4: | 12.29% |
| Swing4: | 11.38% |
| Party5: | Independent (US) |
| Last Election5: | 2 seats |
| Seats5: | 7 |
| Seat Change5: | 5 |
| Popular Vote5: | 193,666 |
| Percentage5: | 2.75% |
| Swing5: | 1.58% |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (US) |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (US) |
The 1878–79 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 3, 1878, and September 3, 1879. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before or after the first session of the 46th United States Congress convened on March 18, 1879. Elections were held for all 293 seats, representing 38 states. This was the last election cycle that at least one state held its regular congressional election in an odd-numbered year.
These elections occurred in the middle of President Rutherford B. Hayes's term. With a sour economy as the nation's pressing issue, both major parties lost seats to the new Greenback Party, which was established to promote the long-term use of paper money as a solution to stop enormous economic fluctuations. The Democratic Party remained the largest party, but lost its majority. However, it allied with several independent politicians and was able to remain in power. This was the fourth and last recorded House election where both major parties lost seats at the same time.
| 141 | 7 | 13 | 132 | |
| Democratic | Republican |
| State | Type | Total seats | Democratic | Ind. Democratic | Greenback | Republican | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||||||||||
| Alabama | District | 8 | 7 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||
| Arkansas | District | 4 | 4 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| California | District | 4 | 1 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Colorado | At-large | 1 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Connecticut | District | 4 | 1 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | |||||||||
| Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | District | 2 | 1 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Georgia | District | 9 | 6 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | 3 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Illinois | District | 19 | 6 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 12 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||
| Indiana | District | 13 | 6 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 6 | data-sort-value=–3 | 3 | |||||||
| Iowa | District | 9 | 0 | 0 | 2 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 7 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | |||||||||
| Kansas | District | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||||||||||||
| Kentucky | District | 10 | 9 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Maine | District | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 3 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | |||||||||
| Maryland | District | 6 | 5 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Massachusetts | District | 11 | 1 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Michigan | District | 9 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Minnesota | District | 3 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Mississippi | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Missouri | District | 13 | 11 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | data-sort-value=–4 | 4 | |||||
| Nebraska | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | District | 3 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| New Jersey | District | 7 | 3 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | |||||||||
| New York | District | 33 | 6 | data-sort-value=–9 | 9 | 2 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 0 | 25 | data-sort-value=7 | 7 | |||||||
| North Carolina | District | 8 | 7 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ohio | District | 20 | 11 | data-sort-value=3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | data-sort-value=–3 | 3 | |||||||||
| Oregon | At-large | 1 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Pennsylvania | District | 27 | 8 | data-sort-value=–2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | data-sort-value=2 | 2 | 17 | |||||||||
| Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| South Carolina | District | 5 | 5 | data-sort-value=3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | data-sort-value=–3 | 3 | |||||||||
| Tennessee | District | 10 | 9 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Texas | District | 6 | 5 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||
| Vermont | District | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | data-sort-value=1 | 1 | 2 | data-sort-value=–1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Virginia | District | 9 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| West Virginia | District | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Wisconsin | District | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |||||||||||||
| Total | 293 | 141 | data-sort-value=–14 | 14 | 7 | data-sort-value=5 | 5 | 13 | data-sort-value=13 | 13 | 132 | data-sort-value=–5 | 5 | ||||||
In most states, the elections were held November 5, 1878.
In 1845, Congress set a uniform nationwide date for choosing presidential electors. This Act of Congress did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of state governments, but over time, the states moved their congressional elections to this date as well. In this cycle, there were still 7 states with earlier election dates, and 1 with a later election date:
California's elections were the last time a state held congressional general elections after November.
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives. Elections are listed by date and district.
|-! | John E. Leonard| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent died March 15, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Frank Welch| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent died September 4, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Terence J. Quinn| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent died June 18, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Republican gain.
Winner also elected to the next term; see below.| nowrap |
|-! | Beverly B. Douglas| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent died December 22, 1878.
New member elected January 23, 1879.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Julian Hartridge| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent died January 8, 1879.
New member elected and seated February 10, 1879.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Gustav Schleicher| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent died January 10, 1879.
New member elected and seated April 15, 1879.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Rush Clark| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent died April 29, 1879.
New member elected October 14, 1879.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Alexander Smith| | Republican| 1878| | Member-elect died November 5, 1878.
New member elected November 4, 1879.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama.
|-! | James T. Jones| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Hilary A. Herbert| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Jeremiah N. Williams| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles M. Shelley| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Robert F. Ligon| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Goldsmith W. Hewitt| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William H. Forney| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William W. Garth| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas.
|-! | Lucien C. Gause| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William F. Slemons| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Jordan E. Cravens| | Independent
Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent re-elected as a Democrat.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas M. Gunter| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from California.
|-! | Horace Davis| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Horace F. Page| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John K. Luttrell| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Romualdo Pacheco| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado.
|-! | colspan=3 | None| | New state.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|}
Patterson successfully contested the election and was seated March 4, 1877.
See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut.
|-! | George M. Landers| | Democratic| 1875| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | James Phelps| | Democratic| 1875| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John T. Wait| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Levi Warner| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware.
|-! | James Williams| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Florida.
|-! | Robert H. M. Davidson| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Horatio Bisbee Jr.| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
In the the difference between the two candidates, in the initial returns, was just 22 votes. Bisbee challenged Hull's election, and was eventually awarded the seat on January 22, 1881.
See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia.
|-! | Julian Hartridge| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William E. Smith| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Philip Cook| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Henry R. Harris| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Milton A. Candler| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | James H. Blount| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William H. Felton| | Independent
Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Alexander H. Stephens| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Hiram P. Bell| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois.
|-! | William Aldrich| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Carter Harrison Sr.| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired to
run for Mayor of Chicago.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Lorenzo Brentano| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-nomination.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William Lathrop| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Horatio C. Burchard| | Republican| 1869 | | Incumbent lost re-nomination.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas J. Henderson| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Philip C. Hayes| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Greenbury L. Fort| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas A. Boyd| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin F. Marsh| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Robert M. Knapp| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William M. Springer| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas F. Tipton| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph G. Cannon| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John R. Eden| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent lost renomination
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | William A. J. Sparks| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William R. Morrison| | Democratic| 1862| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William Hartzell| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Richard W. Townshend| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana.
|-! | Benoni S. Fuller| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas R. Cobb| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George A. Bicknell| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Leonidas Sexton| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas M. Browne| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Milton S. Robinson| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | John Hanna| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Morton C. Hunter| | Republican| 1872| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Michael D. White| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William H. Calkins| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James L. Evans| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Andrew H. Hamilton| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | John Baker| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa.
|-! | Joseph C. Stone| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost renomination
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Hiram Price| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Theodore W. Burdick| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Nathaniel C. Deering| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Rush Clark| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Ezekiel S. Sampson| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Henry J. B. Cummings| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | William F. Sapp| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | S. Addison Oliver| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas.
|-! | William A. Phillips| | Republican| 1872| | Incumbent lost renomination
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Dudley C. Haskell| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas Ryan| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky.
|-! | Andrew Boone| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | James A. McKenzie| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John W. Caldwell| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | J. Proctor Knott| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Albert S. Willis| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John G. Carlisle| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | J. C. S. Blackburn| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Milton J. Durham| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas Turner| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John B. Clarke| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana.
|-! | Randall L. Gibson| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | E. John Ellis| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph H. Acklen| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph B. Elam| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | J. Smith Young| | Democratic| 1878| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Edward W. Robertson| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Maine.
|-! | Thomas B. Reed| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William P. Frye| | Republican| 1870| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Stephen Lindsey| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Llewellyn Powers| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Eugene Hale| | Republican| 1868| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland.
|-! | Daniel M. Henry| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles B. Roberts| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William Kimmel| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas Swann| | Democratic| 1868| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Eli J. Henkle| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William Walsh| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts.
|-! | William W. Crapo| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin W. Harris| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin Dean| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Leopold Morse| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Nathaniel P. Banks| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | George B. Loring| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin Butler| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired to run for governor.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William Claflin| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William W. Rice| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Amasa Norcross| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George D. Robinson| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan.
|-! | Alpheus S. Williams| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Edwin Willits| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Jonas H. McGowan| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Edwin W. Keightley| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | John W. Stone| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Mark S. Brewer| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Omar D. Conger| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles C. Ellsworth| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Jay A. Hubbell| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota.
|-! | Mark H. Dunnell| | Republican| 1870| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Horace B. Strait| | Republican| 1872| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Jacob H. Stewart| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi.
|-! | Henry L. Muldrow| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Van. H. Manning| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Hernando Money| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Otho R. Singleton| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles E. Hooker| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James R. Chalmers| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri.
|-! | Anthony F. Ittner| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Nathan Cole| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Lyne Metcalfe| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Robert A. Hatcher| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Richard P. Bland| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles H. Morgan| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas T. Crittenden| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin J. Franklin| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | David Rea| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Henry M. Pollard| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | John B. Clark Jr.| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John M. Glover| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Aylett H. Buckner| | Democratic| 1872| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska.
|-! | colspan=3 | Vacant due to Welch's death| | Incumbent died September 4, 1878.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Nevada.
|-! | Thomas Wren| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire.
|-! | Frank Jones| | Democratic| 1875| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | James F. Briggs| | Republican| 1877| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Henry W. Blair| | Republican| 1877| | Incumbent elected to the U.S. Senate.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey.
|-! | Clement H. Sinnickson| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Pugh| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Miles Ross| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Alvah A. Clark| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Augustus W. Cutler| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas B. Peddie| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Augustus A. Hardenbergh| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from New York.
|-! | James W. Covert| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William D. Veeder| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Simeon B. Chittenden| | Republican| 1874 | Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Archibald M. Bliss| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Nicholas Muller| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Samuel S. Cox| | Democratic| 1873 | Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Anthony Eickhoff| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Anson G. McCook| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Fernando Wood| | Democratic| 1866| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Abram Hewitt| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin A. Willis| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Clarkson Nott Potter| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Ketcham| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George M. Beebe| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Stephen L. Mayham| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Terence J. Quinn| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent Terence J. Quinn died June 18, 1878.
Republican gain.
Successor also elected the same day to finish the term.| nowrap |
|-! | Martin I. Townsend| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Andrew Williams| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Amaziah B. James| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Starin| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Solomon Bundy| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | George A. Bagley| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William J. Bacon| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William H. Baker| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Frank Hiscock| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Camp| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Elbridge G. Lapham| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Jeremiah W. Dwight| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John N. Hungerford| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Elizur K. Hart| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles B. Benedict| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Daniel N. Lockwood| | Democratic| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | George W. Patterson| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina.
See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania.
See also: List of United States representatives from South Carolina.
South Carolina was rampant with voter fraud, particularly through the use of tissue ballots, thin ballots hidden in the normal ballot, typically 10 to 20 at a time. The almost statewide exclusion of Republicans as Commissioners of Elections, and the ensuing appointment of nearly all Democratic Managers of Elections, allowed to Democratic Managers to perpetrate this scheme. When the votes were counted and more votes than voters were found, the Managers removed and destroyed the Republican ballots resulting in the complete takeover of the state.[2] [3] [4]
|-! | Joseph Rainey| | Republican| 1870 (special)| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Richard H. Cain| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | D. Wyatt Aiken| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Evins| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Robert Smalls| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee.
|-! | James H. Randolph| | Republican| 1876| |Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Jacob M. Thornburgh| | Republican| 1872| |Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | George G. Dibrell| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Haywood Y. Riddle| | Democratic| 1875 (special)| |Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | John M. Bright| | Democratic| 1870| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John F. House| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Washington C. Whitthorne| | Democratic| 1870| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John D. C. Atkins| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William P. Caldwell| | Democratic| 1874| |Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | H. Casey Young| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.|
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Texas.
See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont. |-! | Charles H. Joyce| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Dudley C. Denison| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | George Hendee| | Republican| 1872| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.| nowrap | Second ballot
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia.
|-! | Richard L. T. Beale| | 1847
1849 (retired)
1878 (special)| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John Goode| | 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | Gilbert C. Walker| | 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap | |-! | Joseph Jorgensen| | 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | George Cabell| | 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | J. Randolph Tucker| | 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | John T. Harris| | 1870| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | Eppa Hunton| | 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap | |-! | Auburn Pridemore| | 1876| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap | |}
See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia.
|-! | Benjamin Wilson| | Democratic| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Benjamin F. Martin| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John E. Kenna| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin. Wisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day, November 5, 1878.[5] [6]
|-! | Charles G. Williams| | Republican| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Lucien B. Caswell| | Republican| 1874| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George C. Hazelton| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William Pitt Lynde| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Edward S. Bragg| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Gabriel Bouck| | Democratic| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Herman L. Humphrey| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thaddeus C. Pound| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
|-!
|-! | Jefferson P. Kidder| | Republican| 1874| | Incumbent lost re-election.
Independent Republican gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Stephen S. Fenn| | Democratic| 1874| | Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Martin Maginnis| | Democratic| 1872| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-!
|-!
|-!
|-! | William W. Corlett| | Republican| 1876| | Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|}