1731 in Canada explained
Events from the year 1731 in Canada.
Incumbents
Louis XV[1]
George II[2]
Governors
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois
Étienne Perier
Lawrence Armstrong
Henry Osborn
Events
Births
Deaths
- Robert Chevalier Beauchêne, adventurer in New France.[4]
Historical documents
Pennsylvania lieutenant governor forwards 1718 study of French trade routes and "their Indians" and means to "prevent the designs of the French"[5]
Pennsylvania lieutenant governor says his province and New York worry French are co-opting their frontiers and Indigenous people on them[6]
New York vulnerable to French, who have fort at Crown Point, priests, and "people that runn amongst the Indians and are much like them"[7]
New Hampshire survey finds "no Indians" in N.H. and some in eastern Massachusetts, and "extreamly numerous" French in Canada and Cape Breton[8]
How Newfoundland fits into trade network of Middle Atlantic colonies, Indigenous people, Britain, Spain, Portugal and West Indies[9]
Board of Trade advised that Newfoundland justice of the peace and fishing admiral have distinctly different powers, with former superior to latter[10]
"The ignorant people are possess'd" - Clout of fishing admirals and others makes enforcement formidable for Newfoundland governor and justices[11]
"The fear we are in" - Newfoundland justices of the peace characterize Irish Catholics and transported felons as especially dangerous[12]
Nova Scotia has few English (besides military), no Blacks and about 800 Acadian families, who "are increas'd near one half" in 10 years[13]
To avoid settlement delay, Nova Scotia leadership suggests simultaneous survey of forests reserved for Navy and land to be open to settlers[14]
Nova Scotia acknowledges dependence on French currency and Boston paper money, and limited food resources with settlers expected[15]
Nova Scotians claiming land that is unworked must show why it should not be disposed of for benefit of Crown and "fresh settlers"[16]
"Ungovernable people" - Lieutenant governor distrusts holders of old French land grants, and thinks Acadian justices would inform on rest of Acadians[17]
Nova Scotia Council agrees unanimously that Boston company should be allowed to mine coal at site near Cape Chignecto[18]
Preponderant New England property owners prevent proper settlement in Canso, and thus schooners prevail over in-shore fishing[19]
Canso fishery also varies from Newfoundland's because no inhabitants are involved (except in salt curing) and no servants nor soldiers fish[20]
Prompted by 1731 Nova Scotia letter, Board of Trade notes "complaints of the very bad manner in which the Canso fish is cured"[21]
Armstrong informs Council of his instructions "forbiding laying any Duty on Negroes or ffelons [sic] imported into this province[22]
Surveyor of His Majesty's Woods in Maine finds "gentry" have "stragling manner of settlement" that provokes "insults of the Indians"[23]
Dunbar warns "Indian deeds" imply "ye Indians have a right to dispose of all ye rest of ye lands" (while they say lands are inalienable)[24]
Decision coming on Massachusetts claim to Nova Scotia land west of Penobscot River, but Dunbar should still add settlements east of there[25]
Tract of land between Kennebec and St. Croix rivers determined to be under government of Massachusetts, and settler land claims there valid[26]
Notes and References
- Guéganic (2008), p. 13.
- Web site: 30 December 2015 . George I . 18 April 2016 . Official web site of the British monarchy.
- https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-rogers "Robert Rogers"
- https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-chevalier-beauchene "Beauchêne, Robert Chevalier"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp51-68 "89 ii Paper drawn up by Mr. Logan in 1718"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp328-335 478 Letter of Lt. Gov. Gordon
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp308-328 "464 Rip Van Dam to the Council of Trade and Plantations"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp80-94 126 ii (xiv-xvii) Answers to Board of Trade queries
- https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.20089/111?r=0&s=1 The Importance of the British Plantations in America to This Kingdom
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp68-80 110 Legal opinion
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp275-290 422 Letter of George Clinton
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp275-290 "422 ii (m) Justices of the Peace of St. Johns to Governor Clinton"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol39/pp25-33 37 i (x-xi) Nova Scotia survey answers
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp31-51 "44 Council of Trade and Plantations to the King"
- https://archives.novascotia.ca/heartland/archives/?Number=Two&Page=181 "Proclamation to regulate Currency and Exports"
- https://archives.novascotia.ca/heartland/archives/?Number=Two&Page=183 "Proclamation Regarding Unclaimed Lands"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp275-290 "427 Lt. Governor Armstrong to the Council of Trade and Plantations"
- https://archives.novascotia.ca/heartland/archives/?Number=Three&Page=179 Council meeting minutes
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp14-31 24 Letter of Capt. Thomas Waterhous
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp14-31 "24 v Answers to preceding by Capt. Waterhous"
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol39/pp47-63 "87 Representation of the Commissioners for Trade and Plantations to the House of Commons"
- https://archives.novascotia.ca/heartland/archives/?Number=Three&Page=253 Council meeting minutes
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp1-14 12 Letter of David Dunbar
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp117-134 217 Letter of David Dunbar
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp31-51 49 Trade Board to David Dunbar
- https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp208-215 "353 Mr. Attorney and Mr. Solicitor General to the Council of Trade and Plantations"