1424 Explained

Year 1424 (MCDXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January - March

• January 23  - William Cheyne becomes the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, replacing the late William Hankford.^[1]
• February 1  - While negotiating his release from captivity, King James of Scotland is allowed to be married to Joan Beaufort in London, with a ceremony taking place at Southwark Cathedral.^[2]
• February 12  - The coronation of Sophia of Halshany, wife of Władysław II Jagiełło, as Queen consort of Poland takes place at the Kraków Cathedral.^[3]
• February 14  - Wars in Lombardy: The Army of the Florentine Republic, led by Captain Pandolfo III Malatesta, storms the city of Romagna.
• March 28  - King James I of Scotland is released after having been held captive in England for 18 years. James is freed after putting his royal seal on a ransom treaty of £40,000, secured by Scottish hostages taking his place, as agreed at Durham in England. ^[4]

April - June

• April 5  - King James returns to Scotland for the first time since 1406, after being escorted to the border along with his wife Joan Beaufort, Queen consort, by English and Scottish nobles.^[4]
• May 21  - The coronation of James I as King of Scotland takes place at Scone Abbey in the Scottish town of Scone. After the ceremony King James performs his first knighthood ceremony, honoring 18 prominent nobles.
• June 2  - Battle of L'Aquila: Jacopo Caldora and Micheletto Attendolo, for the Kingdom of Naples, defeat Braccio da Montone, for Alfonso V of Aragon.

July  - September

• July 28  - The Army of the Duchy of Milan, led by the Duke Filippo Maria Visconti, defeats the Republic of Florence Army, led by Carlo I Malatesta, in the Battle of Zagonara.^[5]
• August 17  - Battle of Verneuil: An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stewart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. Alençon is captured and Douglas killed.^[6]
• September 7  - Prince Zhu Gaochi of China becomes the Emperor Renzong of the Ming dynasty, beginning the Hongxi era, after the August 12 death of his father, the Yongle Emperor.^[7]
• September 13  - After the signing of a treaty between the different factions in the Hussite Wars, the Bohemian campaign is completed in what is now the Czech Republic.
• September 23  - The Hussites, led by Jan Žižka, begin marching towards North Moravia to suppress the ongoing rebellion there.

October  - December

• October 11  - Prokop the Great takes command of the Hussites after the death of Jan Žižka from the plague.^[8]
• November 1  - Zhu Zhanji is designated as the Crown Prince of Ming dynasty China by his father, the Emperor Renzong. The Emperor dies eight months later and Zhu Zhanji becomes the Emperor Xuanzong on June 27, 1425.^[9]
• November  - The Bourges astronomical clock, designed by Jean Fusoris, is installed in the Bourges Cathedral as a gift to the town from King Charles VII.^[10]
• December 10  - Radu II Chelul becomes the Prince of Wallachia (now in Romania) for the third time, taking over from Dan II after an Ottoman invasion.

Date unknown

• Dalmatia: Aliota Capenna, lord of Lesina (nowadays Hvar), offers his realm to the Republic of Venice (also said to have occurred in 1409 and 1421).^[11]

Births

• January 1  - Louis IV, Elector Palatine (1436–1449) (d. 1449)
• June 9  - Blanche II of Navarre (d. 1464)
• August  - Demetrios Chalkokondyles, Greek scholar (d. 1511)
• October 31  - King Władysław III of Poland (d. 1444)
• December 8  - Anselm Adornes, Merchant, politician and diplomat (d. 1483)
• December 25  - Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France (d. 1445)
• August 10 or 1426  - Boniface III, Marquess of Montferrat (d. 1494)
• date unknown  - Abu Sa'id Mirza, ruler of Persia and Afghanistan (d. 1469)
• date unknown  - Mary of Looz-Heinsberg, Dutch noble woman (d. 1502)^{[12] [13] [14] [15]}

Deaths

• January 4  - Muzio Sforza, Italian condottiero
• January 8  - Stephen Zaccaria, Latin Archbishop of Patras
• April 14  - Lucia Visconti, English countess (b. 1372)^[16]
• May 10  - Emperor Go-Kameyama of Japan^[17]
• June 5  - Braccio da Montone, Italian condottiero
• June 10  - Duke Ernest of Austria (b. 1377)
• June 16  - Johannes Ambundii, Archbishop of Riga
• August 12  - Yongle Emperor of China (b. 1360)
• August 17  - John Stewart, Earl of Buchan (b. c. 1381)
• September 17  - Catherine, Princess of Asturias, Castilian royal (b. 1422)
• October 11  - Jan Žižka, Czech general and Hussite leader
• date unknown  - Joan II, Countess of Auvergne (b. 1378)
• probable  - Johannes Abezier, provost and bishop of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1380)

Notes and References

1. Encyclopedia: Powell. Edward. Edward Powell (historian). Cheyne, Sir William (d. 1443). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press . Oxford. 2004. 10.1093/ref:odnb/5264 .
2. Book: Weir, Alison . Alison Weir . Mistress of the Monarchy: The Life of Katherine Swynford, Duchess of Lancaster . Random House . London . 2008 . 232 . 978-0-345-45323-5 . registration .
3. Book: Duczmal, Małgorzata . Jogailaičiai . Vilnius . 2012 . Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. 978-5-420-01703-6 . 425.
4. Brown . M. H. . Michael Brown (historian) . 2004 . James I . online . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . 10.1093/ref:odnb/14587 . 16 May 2010.
5. Book: Makers of modern strategy: from Machiavelli to the nuclear age . Peter Paret . 1986 . Oxford University Press . 21.
6. Web site: The Battle of Verneuil: a second Agincourt. The History Press. Richard Wadge. 27 February 2021.
7. Book: Dreyer, Edward L. . Early Ming China: A Political History . 1982 . 222 . Stanford University Press . Palo Alto CA. 0-8047-1105-4.
8. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Prokop. Encyclopædia Britannica. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
9. Book: Dreyer, Edward L. Zheng He : China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405-1433. 2007. Pearson Longman. New York. Library of World Biography Series. 978-0321084439.
10. Book: Chevalier, Michel. La France des cathédrales : du IV^e au XX^e. 327. Éditions Ouest-France. 1997. fr.
11. Book: Stephanopoli, Dimo. Voyage de Dimo et Nicolo Stephanopoli en Grèce,: pendant les années V et VI. 1799. Guilleminet. Paris.
12. Book: Schutte, O. . Tamse . C.A. . 1979 . Genealogische gegevens . Nassau en Oranje in de Nederlandse geschiedenis . nl . . A.W. Sijthoff . 41 . 90-218-2447-7 .
13. Book: Dek, A.W.E. . 1970 . Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau . nl . . Europese Bibliotheek . 69 .
14. Book: Blok, P.J. . Molhuysen . P.C. . Blok . P.J. . & . 1911 . Johan (Johann) IV, graaf van Nassau-Dillenburg . https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu01_01/molh003nieu01_01_1900.php . Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek . nl . Eerste deel . . A.W. Sijthoff . 1219 .
15. Book: Vorsterman van Oyen . A.A. . 1882 . Het vorstenhuis Oranje-Nassau. Van de vroegste tijden tot heden . nl . . A.W. Sijthoff & J.L. Beijers . 93 .
16. Book: Catholic Church. Province of Canterbury (England). Archbishop (1414-1443 : Chichele). The Register of Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1414-1443. 1938. Clarendon Press. lx.
17. Book: Japan Society of London. Transactions and Proceedings of the Japan Society, London. 1925. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. 112.