| Minorplanet: | yes |
| 1166 Sakuntala | |
| Background: |
|
| Discovered: | 27 June 1930 |
| Mpc Name: | (1166) Sakuntala |
| Alt Names: | 1930 MA1962 KA |
| Named After: | Shakuntala |
| Epoch: | 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) |
| Uncertainty: | 0 |
| Observation Arc: | 86.75 yr (31,685 days) |
| Perihelion: | 2.0044 AU |
| Semimajor: | 2.5347 AU |
| Eccentricity: | 0.2092 |
| Period: | 4.04 yr (1,474 days) |
| Mean Motion: | / day |
| Inclination: | 18.924° |
| Asc Node: | 106.69° |
| Arg Peri: | 189.92° |
| Dimensions: | km 25.78 km km km km km |
| Rotation: | h h h h |
| Albedo: | 0.2914 |
| Spectral Type: | S |
| Abs Magnitude: | 8.809.910.4010.56 |
1166 Sakuntala, provisional designation, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Praskovjya Parchomenko at Simeiz Observatory in 1930, the asteroid was named after the figure of Shakuntala from an ancient Indian drama.
Sakuntala was discovered by Soviet astronomer Praskovjya Parchomenko at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula on 27 June 1930. Two night later, it was independently discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory. The body's observation arc begins at Uccle Observatory in May 1938, or 8 years after its official discovery observation at Simeiz.
The asteroid is a background asteroid, that is not a member of any known asteroid family. Sakuntala orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.0–3.1 AU once every 4.04 years (1,474 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 19° with respect to the ecliptic.
Sakuntala has been characterized as a stony S-type asteroid.
Several rotational lightcurves of Sakuntala were obtained from photometric observations. Analysis of the best-rated lightcurve gave a rotation period of 6.29 hours with a brightness variation of 0.38 magnitude .
Other measurements gave a similar period of 6.2915 and 6.30 hours, respectively, while lightcurves with a period of larger than hours are considered to be wrong .
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Sakuntala measures between 22.70 and 29.249 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.185 and 0.6460.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2914 and a diameter of 25.78 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.9.
This minor planet was named after the protagonist Shakuntala in the Sanskrit drama The Recognition of Shakuntala by Indian poet Kālidāsa. The drama is part of the Mahabharata, one of the major Sanskrit epics of ancient India.
The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 .