1089 Explained

Year 1089 (MLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• April 20 (possible date)  - Demetrius Zvonimir, king of Croatia, dies after a 12-year reign, and is succeeded by Stephen II. Zvonimir's widow, Helena of Hungary, Queen of Croatia, plots the inheritance of the Croatian crown for her brother, King Ladislaus I of Hungary.
• June 24  - Reconquista: Gaston IV, Viscount of Béarn (supported by French crusaders) reconquers the Aragonese city of Monzón from Emir Al-Mustain II of the Taifa of Zaragoza.^[1]
• August 18  - Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, marries Eupraxia of Kiev (daughter of Grand Prince Vsevolod I) at Cologne. She is crowned and assumes the name Adelaide (or Adelheid).
• King George II abdicates the throne in favour of his 16-year-old son David IV ("the Builder") who becomes ruler of Georgia (until 1125).

England

• August 11  - A powerful earthquake is recorded in England.
• Northumbria is divided by King William II into the counties of Northumberland, County Palatine of Durham, Yorkshire, Westmorland and Lancashire.

By topic

Religion

• March 21  - Cîteaux Abbey, the first Cistercian monastery, is established by a group of French monks under Robert of Molesme in southern France.
• August 28  - Braga Cathedral in the County of Portugal has its reconstruction (following 353 years of Muslim occupation) completed sufficiently for its consecration to the Virgin Mary to take place.
• September
  • The Synod of Melfi, led by Pope Urban II (his first papal council), issues decrees against simony and clerical marriage.^[2]
  • A church council, held in Constantinople, discuses relations between Eastern and Western Christianity.^[3]

Births

• Abraham ibn Ezra, Jewish rabbi and philosopher (d. 1167) (approximate date)
• Berthold of Zwiefalten, German abbot and writer (d. 1169) (approximate date)
• Dahui Zonggao, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (d. 1163)
• Han Shizhong, Chinese general of the Northern Song dynasty (d. 1151)
• Mahsati, Persian female poet and writer (approximate date)
• Richard de Luci, Norman High Sheriff of Essex (d. 1179)
• Sigurd the Crusader, king of Norway (d. 1130)
• Wulgrin II, count of Angoulême (approximate date)

Deaths

• April 20 (possible date)  - Demetrius Zvonimir, king of Croatia and Dalmatia
• May 24  - Lanfranc, Italian-born archbishop of Canterbury
• May 29/30  - Mah-i Mulk Khatun wife of caliph al-Muqtadi (r. 1075–1094).
• May 31  - Sigwin von Are, archbishop of Cologne
• October 6  - Adalbero, Prince-Bishop of Würzburg
• November 11  - Peter Igneus, Italian cardinal-bishop
• December 22  - William the Walloon, French abbot
• Agnes of Aquitaine, French-born countess consort of Savoy
• Donnchad mac Domnaill Remair, Irish king of Dublin, killed (approximate date)
• Durandus of Troarn, French monk and theologian
• Isaac ibn Ghiyyat, Spanish Jewish rabbi and philosopher
• Mieszko Bolesławowic, Polish prince of Kraków
• Renauld II, French count of Nevers and Auxerre
• Theobald III, Count of Blois (or Thibaut), French nobleman

Notes and References

1. Canellas . Angel . Las Cruzadas de Aragon en el Siglo XI . Argensola: Revista de Ciencias Sociales del Instituto de Estudios Altoaragoneses . 0518-4088 . 7 . 1951 . 22 February 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140714172023/http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/fichero_articulo?codigo=2110493&orden=81753 . July 14, 2014 . live . mdy-all .
2. Web site: Pope Bl. Urban II. Catholic Encyclopedia. New Advent. 2024-09-01.
3. Book: Siecienski, Anthony Edward. 2010. The Filioque: History of a Doctrinal Controversy. Oxford University Press. 117. 978-0-19-537204-5.